CTET Paper II — 8 February 2026 (Set J) — Mathematics and Science

1. Assertion (A) : If physical development of children is delayed then their social and emotional development gets affected. Reason (R) : There is developmental continuity in the course of children’s development. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

2. According to Jean Piaget, cognitive development :

• (a) is simple addition of new facts and ideas to the existing store of information.
• (b) is dependent upon the development of language capabilities.
• (c) is the process of acquiring the ability to use cultural tools.
• (d) is the process of adaption to the environment by changing one’s schemas.

3. Assertion (A) : Teachers should avoid collaborations, group work and interactions among students. Reason (R) : Learning is a passive process and occurs most effectively through memorization and imitation. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

4. Rapid increase in height and weight during adolescence that usually precedes sexual maturity is referred to as :

• (a) Growth spurt
• (b) Developmental trend
• (c) Menstruation
• (d) Pubescence

5. Assertion (A) : When talking about differences, expressions that put the person ahead of the difference should be used such as using ‘the student with disabilities’ rather than ‘the disabled student’. Reason (R) : The language we use when talking about learners with differing needs shapes the perspective and attitudes. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

6. Assertion (A) : Children in middle schools should be encouraged to write about their emotions on a daily/weekly basis and reflect upon them. Reason (R) : Understanding one’s emotions is a cognitive process that can lead to action. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

7. Which of the following is not an effective strategy in problem-solving ?

• (a) Recognizing patterns and relationships
• (b) Using logical reasoning to solve problems
• (c) Overlooking relevant information
• (d) Breaking down complex problems into simpler parts

8. According to Piaget when children reach the point of being able to generalize and engage in mental trial and error by thinking up hypothesis and testing them in their heads they are in :

• (a) Sensorimotor stage
• (b) Pre-operational stage
• (c) Concrete operational stage
• (d) Formal operational stage

9. Students learn efficiently and in meaningful ways when :

• (a) content is presented to them in the form of incoherent pieces of information.
• (b) focus is on avoiding failure instead of approaching mastery.
• (c) new concept is completely different from previously learned material.
• (d) their responses and subjective experiences are attended and valued.

10. According to Lawrence Kohlberg around which ethics do very young children’s moral reasoning revolve ?

• (a) Ethics of egocentricism
• (b) Ethics of care
• (c) Ethics of perspectives of others
• (d) Ethics of laws

11. Assertion (A) : Diversity and inclusion improve teaching and learning. Reason (R) : Engaging in conversations across differences hinders children’s ability to think critically and creatively. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

12. Which of the following are effective teaching strategies to cater to diverse needs of learners in a classroom ? (a) Differentiated Instruction (b) Standardized Curriculum (c) Individualized Education Plans

• (a) (a), (b)
• (b) (b), (c)
• (c) (a), (c)
• (d) (a), (b), (c)

13. According to constructivist theorists :

• (a) Children have a natural tendency to ‘make sense’ of the world.
• (b) Children learn only when extrinsically motivated.
• (c) Children learn best when information is presented to them in a final form.
• (d) Children have a tendency to behave in unruly ways that needs to be corrected.

14. Two commonly used strategies for effective problem-solving are :

• (a) Heuristics and algorithms
• (b) Heuristics and functional fixedness
• (c) Algorithms and response set
• (d) Heuristics and response set

15. A teacher is designing a lesson plan for a group of students with varying levels of understanding of a topic. According to Vygotsky’s theory, which of the following should the teacher consider when designing the lesson ?

• (a) The teacher should ask each student to work individually on the specified problem.
• (b) The teacher should provide all students with the same level of challenge.
• (c) The teacher should consider each student’s current level of understanding and provide appropriate support to help them to reach the next level.
• (d) The teacher should only focus on the students who are already at an advanced level of understanding and provide them with more challenging work.

16. Characteristics such as ‘lacking reading fluency’, ‘reversion of words’, ‘tendency towards distraction’ are typical identifying characteristics of :

• (a) Dyslexia
• (b) Autism Spectrum Disorder
• (c) Dementia
• (d) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

17. Students feel more motivated to learn in an environment which ensures : (a) Belongingness (b) Fear (c) Rejection (d) Safety

• (a) (a), (b)
• (b) (a), (d)
• (c) (b), (c)
• (d) (b), (d)

18. Moving from conservative education towards progressive education requires shift from __________.

• (a) formative evaluation to diagnostic evaluation
• (b) integrated curriculum to standardized curriculum
• (c) performance-oriented goals to mastery-oriented goals
• (d) teacher-centered pedagogy to exam-centered pedagogy

19. When learning new information, which of the following is a helpful strategy for children to use to ensure they understand the content material ? (a) Rereading the information once (b) Asking questions and seeking clarification (c) Pretending to understand (d) Making up their own meanings for unfamiliar terms

• (a) (a), (b)
• (b) (a), (c)
• (c) (c), (d)
• (d) (a), (b), (c)

20. A teacher should create a classroom culture where students’ motivation to learn is primarily focused to :

• (a) avoid shame of appearing ignorant.
• (b) compete with each other.
• (c) understand and appreciate the process of learning.
• (d) prove their worth to others.

21. Assertion (A) : Male characters in stories and books are often presented as strong and adventurous while female characters are shown as warm and sensitive. Reason (R) : Schools and curriculum influence gender-role identity as they are powerful agents of secondary socialization. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

22. Assertion (A) : Children who are struggling with dyslexia have trouble in phonological processing that makes it hard to decode words. Reason (R) : All children benefit from being encouraged in their areas of interest and ability. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

23. What is the role of peers in the socialization process ?

• (a) Peers have no major influence on socialization.
• (b) Peers have a minor influence on socialization compared to parents and other adults in all stages of development.
• (c) Peers are the primary agents of socialization for children.
• (d) Peers have a greater influence on socialization during adolescence than during early childhood.

24. Which of the following statements about learning is not correct ?

• (a) Learners construct knowledge that makes sense to them.
• (b) New learning depends on current understanding.
• (c) Social interaction hinders learning.
• (d) The most meaningful learning occurs within real-world tasks.

25. As per constructivist approaches of learning, learning is facilitated when :

• (a) Activities are interactive and collaborative.
• (b) Content is disconnected and eccentric.
• (c) Pedagogy is teacher-centric and culturally indifferent.
• (d) Tasks are incoherent and disorderly.

26. Assertion (A) : Though height and body build are primarily inherited characteristics, good nutrition and exercise also make a difference. Reason (R) : Heredity and environment interact in their effects on development. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

27. In an inclusive classroom, adaptations should be made in : (a) Learning goals (b) Teaching-learning strategies (c) Provisioning of support (d) Assessment

• (a) (a), (b), (d)
• (b) (a), (c), (d)
• (c) (b), (c), (d)
• (d) (a), (b), (c), (d)

28. Which of the following does not come under the category of sensory impairments ?

• (a) colour blindness
• (b) dysgraphia
• (c) hard of hearing
• (d) partial loss of vision

29. National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasizes on transforming assessment by :

• (a) devaluing socio-cultural context of students
• (b) executing summative form of assessment
• (c) incorporating self-assessment and peer-assessment
• (d) practicing unitary notion of intelligence

30. Following Lev Vygotsky’s ideas, a teacher decided to give hints and cues to the students who were stuck on a given problem and let the students try to solve that problem again. By doing so, teacher is practicing the concept of __________.

• (a) Assimilation
• (b) Collective monologue
• (c) Functional Fixedness
• (d) Scaffolding

33. Tests which provide information about the relative performance of members of a specific group of students are called :

• (a) Norm referenced tests
• (b) Criterion referenced tests
• (c) Achievement tests
• (d) Diagnostic tests

34. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true ? (a) A number never exceeds its square. (b) All negative numbers exceeds their cubes. (c) A number never exceeds its cube. (d) The square root of a prime number is not a rational number.

• (a) (a) and (b)
• (b) (b) and (c)
• (c) (b) only
• (d) (d) only

35. A and D are two points lying on the same side of line segment BC, such that AB=5 cm, AC=8 cm, BC=4 cm, BD=8 cm and CD=5 cm. Then,

• (a) ∆ABC ≅ ∆DBC, by SAS
• (b) ∆ABC ≅ ∆DCB, by SAS
• (c) ∆ABC ≅ ∆DBC, by SSS
• (d) ∆ABC ≅ ∆DCB, by SSS

36. Which of the following statements related to project method in teaching of mathematics are correct ? (a) It is a method based on learning by doing. (b) It is a method in which the role of the learner is minimum. (c) It is a method which turns the learners into a discoverer. (d) It is always based on deduction. Choose the correct option :

• (a) (a) and (b)
• (b) (b) and (c)
• (c) (c) and (d)
• (d) (a) and (c)

37. Which of the following problems is inter-disciplinary in nature ?

• (a) Draw the mirror image of a given figure.
• (b) How many lines of symmetry are there in a given figure.
• (c) Write your name and draw the lines of symmetry in each alphabet wherever possible.
• (d) Draw the lines of symmetry in a given geometrical figure.

38. Which of the following number is not divisible by 72 ?

• (a) 95112
• (b) 95142
• (c) 88848
• (d) 88704

39. Which of the following is an effective teaching-learning material to introduce basic concepts such as shapes, perimeter, area and characteristics of polygons ?

• (a) Geoboard
• (b) Hanoi Tower
• (c) Cuisenaire rods
• (d) Tangrams

41. Which among the following is/are the purpose of formative assessment ? (a) Making assessment a part of teaching. (b) Ranking and placement of children. (c) Providing feedback to the children. Choose the correct option :

• (a) (a) and (b)
• (b) (b) and (c)
• (c) Only (c)
• (d) (a) and (c)

44. “Developing an understanding about patterns is considered essential for teaching algebra”. Which of the following represents correct reason for the given statement ?

• (a) Patterns are comparatively easier
• (b) Patterns have a lot of real-life application unlike algebra
• (c) Patterns are associated with generalization
• (d) Making patterns enhances creative mindset

46. If x, y and z are respectively the number of faces, vertices and edges of a triangular pyramid, then :

• (a) 2x+3y−2z=8
• (b) 3x+2y−3z=4
• (c) 2x+2z−3y=6
• (d) 3x+3y−2z=6

47. Which among the following is the most appropriate ‘Method of Proof’ for proving 2 is an irrational number ?

• (a) Direct Proof
• (b) Contrapositive
• (c) Contradiction
• (d) Induction

49. A student was asked to arrange the following numbers in descending order, −20, −150, 0, 23, 46 The student wrote the following answer, −150, −20, 0, 23, 46 Which of the following is most appropriate for the response of the student ?

• (a) The student has written the numbers in correct order.
• (b) The student has understood the concept of arranging integers but has done a mistake by arranging them in increasing order.
• (c) The student does not know the concept of integers.
• (d) The student needs to recall the rules of addition of integers.

50. On which numeration system the clocks are based ?

• (a) Sexagesimal System
• (b) Decimal System
• (c) Hexadecimal System
• (d) Binary System

51. The perimeters of two circular fields C1 and C2 are 40 π m and 96 π m, respectively. What is the radius of the third circular field C3 whose area is equal to the sum of the areas of C1 and C2 ?

• (a) 68 m
• (b) 51 m
• (c) 52 m
• (d) 53 m

53. The value of is : 32 × 1323 5043 × 50

• (a) 205/42
• (b) 205/84
• (c) 215/42
• (d) 215/84

55. “While teaching the concept of ‘Discount on items’ a teacher can plan a trip to a local market.” The most appropriate reason for this is :

• (a) It would provide opportunity to the students to formally learn the mathematical concepts.
• (b) It would provide opportunity to students to see different advertisements related to ‘sales’ and to discuss with shopkeepers how to calculate it.
• (c) It would be a time for enjoyment for both teacher and students.
• (d) It is mandatory to have such type of field trip as suggested by National Curriculum Framework 2005.

59. The following observations have been written in the ascending order : 28, 31, 47, 51, a, a+3, 71, 74, 78, 90 If the median of the data is 61.5, then the mean of the data is :

• (a) 58.1
• (b) 58.4
• (c) 59.2
• (d) 59.3

60. If 5(3x+4)−8(6x+7)=9x−8, then what is the value of (3x+4) ?

• (a) 0
• (b) 1
• (c) 2
• (d) 3 Direction : Answer the following questions by selecting the correct/most appropriate options.

61. Four test tubes A, B, C and D with different liquids are taken. Test tube A contains glucose solution; test tube B contains turmeric solution, test tube C contains detergent solution and test tube D contains pure water. Which of the following will you observe when you put ? (a) a piece of blue litmus paper in each test tube (b) a piece of red litmus paper in each test tube (c) few drops of phenolphthalein solution to each test tube Change in colour Change in colour Change on addition of blue litmus of red litmus of phenolphthalein (i) A Remains blue Turns blue Turns pink (ii) B Turns red Remains red Colourless (iii) C Remains blue Turns blue Turns pink (iv) D Remains blue Turns blue Colourless

• (a) (i) and (ii) are correct.
• (b) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
• (c) (i) and (iii) are correct.
• (d) (ii) and (iv) are correct.

62. Sample of 4 metals A, B, C and D were added to the following solutions separately. The results observed are shown below. What is the order of reactivities of these metals ? A No change a green deposit - B a grey deposit a brown deposit No change C - No change - D a brown deposit - A white coating on metal

• (a) C<A<B<D
• (b) A<C<B<D
• (c) D<B<A<C
• (d) C<A<D<B

63. Which of the following will NOT contribute to professional development of science teachers ?

• (a) Cultivation of hobbies in areas related to science such as robotics and electronics.
• (b) Regular meetings with teachers from neighbouring schools.
• (c) Regular reading of science content given in science textbooks.
• (d) Visits to planetariums, industries and science museums.

64. Match the hormones given in Column A with their deficiency disease given in Column B. Column A Column B (a) Adrenal hormone (i) Dwarfism (b) Growth hormone (ii) Goitre (c) Thyroxine (iii) Diabetes (d) Insulin (iv) Salt imbalance

• (a) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii)
• (b) (a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
• (c) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii)
• (d) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)

65. Which of the following cannot be separated by Crystallization ?

• (a) Harvesting salt from impure sample
• (b) Separation of Alum from impure sample
• (c) Mixture of Zinc chloride and Lead (II) chloride
• (d) Solution of methyl alcohol and potassium permanganate

66. A teacher is doing an activity on density. Students observe that a steel spoon sinks in water but a steel bowl floats. She asks students, ‘why do you think the bowl did not sink ? What will make it sink ?’ Which of the following process skills is the teacher trying to develop among her learners ?

• (a) Hypothesizing
• (b) Observing
• (c) Experimenting
• (d) Inferring

67. Read the excerpt given below and answer the question. French scientist Henri Becquerel was working on phosphorescent materials, which glow in the dark after exposure to light. He believed that sunlight was the reason that the crystal would burn its image on a photographic plate. On a stormy day in 1896, he decided to leave it for few days and resume his experiments later. A few days later, he took his crystal out of a darkened drawer. He noticed that the image burned on the plate was ‘fogged’ which meant that the crystal had still emitted rays, despite the lack of sunlight. What does the above excerpt illustrate about science ?

• (a) Scientific discovery can be serendipitous.
• (b) Science is a solitary pursuit.
• (c) Scientific knowledge is tentative.
• (d) Science is procedural more than creative.

69. Which of the following attributes would you associate with ‘Scientific temper’ ? (A) Perseverance in carrying out scientific investigations. (B) Creativity in coming up with big problems to be investigated and breaking them down into smaller ‘solvable’ parts. (C) Scepticism towards non-scientific beliefs. (D) Commitment towards cultural preservation.

• (a) (A), (B) and (D)
• (b) (A), (B) and (C)
• (c) (A), (C) and (D)
• (d) (A), (B), (C) and (D)

70. Consider the two statements S1 and S2 given below and choose the correct option. S1 - Non-zero work has to be done on a moving particle to change its momentum. S2 - To change momentum of a particle, a non-zero net force should act on it.

• (a) S1 is true but S2 is false.
• (b) S1 is false but S2 is true.
• (c) Both S1 and S2 are true.
• (d) Both S1 and S2 are false.

71. Which of the following tasks would be least suitable for developing an understanding of the relationship of science with society among learners ?

• (a) Debate on nuclear energy
• (b) Group project on latest developments in science and technology
• (c) Concept map on sources of energy
• (d) Poster competition on contribution of Indian scientists to the World

73. Read the statements given below and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Small intestine is the site of complete digestion of food. Reasoning (R) : Villi have a large surface area which helps the small intestine in absorption of food.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reasoning for (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct reasoning for (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

74. While discussing about nature of Science in his class, a teacher makes the following remark - ‘A scientist is open-minded’. What does this remark highlight about scientists ?

• (a) They constantly come up with new ideas.
• (b) They also consider ideas which go against their own ideas.
• (c) They openly share their ideas with everyone.
• (d) They do not agree with the views of other scientists.

75. Match the animal with the mode of feeding. (a) Housefly (i) Biting and chewing (b) Humming bird (ii) Sucking (c) Cockroach (iii) Sponging (d) Infants (iv) Suckling

• (a) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
• (b) (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iv)
• (c) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii)
• (d) (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

76. Which of the following is a mismatched set ? Column (A) Column (B) Column (C)

• (a) Plaster of Paris CaSO4.½H2O Used in coating walls
• (b) Gypsum CaSO4.2H2O Used in Dentistry
• (c) Bleaching powder CaOCl2 Used in Laundry
• (d) Slaked lime CaO Used for lowering the acidity of soil

77. In a science class, Mr. Sumit brought some material. It was a water bottle, a glass and thick paper sheet. He poured water in the glass and put the thick paper sheet on it. Slowly and carefully, he inverted the glass and removed his hand from there. Learners were surprised that paper had stuck on the glass and water was not coming out. Some students said that paper had glue inside while others said it had stuck due to water inside the bottle. What, according to you, was the objective of doing this task ? (A) Help learners to understand that experiments are the principal route to scientific knowledge. (B) Encourage learners to construct explanations based on their observations. (C) Encourage learners to ask questions.

• (a) (A) and (B)
• (b) (B) and (C)
• (c) (C) and (A)
• (d) (A), (B) and (C)

78. Read the following statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : While preparing a dough for bread, baking powder is added along with yeast to facilitate fermentation. Reasoning (R) : Baking powder acts as food for yeast.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reasoning for (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct reasoning for (A).
• (c) (A) is false but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

79. Read the following excerpt. ‘There was a belief that all living beings on earth were created by God. However, Darwin and Wallance came up with the idea that life forms evolved on the earth from previously existing forms of life’. What does the above excerpt illustrate about the nature of Science ?

• (a) Science is value neutral.
• (b) Science progresses by following the scientific method.
• (c) Science is tentative.
• (d) Science is interdisciplinary.

80. A student has an alternative conception that air contracts on heating. Which of the following strategies would you adopt to challenge this alternative conception ?

• (a) Explain the difference between conduction and convection to illustrate that air is a poor conductor of heat.
• (b) Ask students to do an activity which involves filling a plastic bottle to half of its capacity with very hot water, capping tightly and keeping it aside for few minutes. Ask students to note down the observations.
• (c) Ask students to refer to the textbook for examples from daily life where air expands on heating.
• (d) Ask the students to attach a deflated balloon to the mouth of a bottle containing air and place the bottle in water bath containing boiling water and note down the observations.

81. Which method of reproduction is common to fungus, moss and fern ?

• (a) Budding
• (b) Fragmentation
• (c) Spore formation
• (d) Regeneration

82. Identify the metals on the basis of their reaction with water. A - reacts violently with cold water B - reacts with steam only C - does not react with water

• (a) Potassium, Iron, Copper
• (b) Sodium, Copper, Aluminium
• (c) Calcium, Zinc, Iron
• (d) Magnesium, Aluminium, Silver

83. Match the organism in Column A with its action in Column B. Column A Column B (a) Yeast (i) Causing cholera (b) Protozoan (ii) Causing AIDS (c) Bacteria (iii) Producing antibodies (d) Virus (iv) Baking of bread (v) Causing malaria

• (a) (a)-(iv), (b)-(v), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
• (b) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(v)
• (c) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(v)
• (d) (a)-(i), (b)-(v), (c)-(iii), (d)-(ii)

84. Which of the following is not done during the process of treatment of waste water ?

• (a) Sludge is scraped out and skimmer removes the grease.
• (b) Waste water enters a grit and sand removal tank.
• (c) Inorganic impurities such as nitrates and phosphates are removed by chlorination.
• (d) Sand, grit and pebbles are made to settle by decreasing the speed of waste water.

85. Read the following and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Science textbooks should include biographies of scientists. Reasoning (R) : Narrating biographies of great scientists inspires students to learn how scientists make discoveries by following a universal scientific method.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reasoning for (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct reasoning for (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

86. Which of the following statements is true regarding cyclones ?

• (a) Warm air rises and low pressure is created.
• (b) Cool air rises and low pressure is created.
• (c) Warm air rises and high pressure is created.
• (d) Cool air rises and high pressure is created.

87. Read the following statements and choose the correct option. Process A - Galvanization to prevent rusting. Process B - Electroplating of copper.

• (a) Process A is a physical change and B is a chemical change.
• (b) Process A is a chemical change and B is a physical change.
• (c) Both the processes A and B are physical changes.
• (d) Both the processes A and B are chemical changes.

88. A ray of light travels from an optically denser medium to an optically rarer medium. What will be the change in the frequency of light ?

• (a) Increase
• (b) Decrease
• (c) No Change
• (d) First increase and then decrease

89. Choose the correct statements from the given set of statements. (A) Clayey soil contains sand and silt. (B) Percolation of water is faster in loamy soil than clayey soil. (C) Sandy soil has a greater proportion of big particles. (D) Loamy soil contains humus.

• (a) (A) and (B)
• (b) (B) and (C)
• (c) (C) and (D)
• (d) (A) and (D)

90. Which of the following parts of the solar cooker is responsible for greenhouse effect ?

• (a) Mirror
• (b) Outer cover of the solar cooker
• (c) Glass sheet
• (d) Black coloured coating inside the box

92. How does the brown pelican catch the fish ?

• (a) By diving on the fish from above.
• (b) By storing the fish in their pouch.
• (c) By beating their wings.
• (d) By cornering the fish into low waters.

93. Pelicans beat their wings over water also to __________.

• (a) dive on the fish
• (b) push the fish towards the shallow water
• (c) help their short legs
• (d) swallow the fish

94. Pelicans usually live __________.

• (a) near cities
• (b) in North America
• (c) water bodies
• (d) in colonies

96. Which one of the following words is most similar in meaning to the word, ‘splendid’ ?

• (a) huge
• (b) high
• (c) magnificent
• (d) ordinary

97. Pelicans webbed feet make them __________.

• (a) have their toes tied.
• (b) look awkward on land.
• (c) powerful swimmers.
• (d) look large with short legs.

98. Which one of the following words is most opposite in meaning to the word, ‘retrieve’ ?

• (a) recover
• (b) rectify
• (c) remedy
• (d) abandon

99. Study the following statements : (A) The baby pelicans pick their food from their parents’ pouches. (B) The fish are kept in the pouches and eaten when the pelican feel hungry.

• (a) (A) is right and (B) is wrong.
• (b) (B) is right and (A) is wrong.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are right.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are wrong.

100. ‘A butterfly unfolding its drinking straws’. Which figure of speech is used in the above line ?

• (a) alliteration
• (b) simile
• (c) metaphor
• (d) imagery

101. Which surprises do the meadows not hold for us ?

• (a) softness of the grass
• (b) soft murmur of the stream
• (c) hopping of a frog out of the brook
• (d) a butterfly feeding on nectar

102. According to the poem, which of the following kind of house is NOT found in the meadows ?

• (a) burrows
• (b) ant’s mound
• (c) nest
• (d) stable

103. What does the poet mean by velvet grass ?

• (a) the carpet of velvet
• (b) grass shining like velvet
• (c) grass as soft as velvet
• (d) grass made of velvet thread

104. Study the following statements : (A) The rabbit is hiding in a burrow. (B) The buttercup is tempting a butterfly.

• (a) (A) is right and (B) is wrong.
• (b) (B) is right and (A) is wrong.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are right.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are wrong.

105. How will you find a rabbit ?

• (a) When he is in his burrow
• (b) When he is sitting still
• (c) When he hops
• (d) When he is sleeping

106. Which one of the following does not come under institutional writing ?

• (a) Notes of Condolence
• (b) Business letter
• (c) Curriculum Vitae
• (d) Reviews

107. What is the innateness hypothesis in language acquisition and language learning ?

• (a) It rejects the idea that all languages have grammars and all children learn them in their own way.
• (b) It believes that all human beings can learn languages through physical drilling and conditioning.
• (c) It believes that all human beings possess language knowledge at birth.
• (d) It believes that language is learned as a result of habit formation.

108. What does ‘content-oriented language inputs’ refer to ?

• (a) language input, which focuses on how language is used
• (b) presentation of the inputs and its processes
• (c) language inputs that focus on information
• (d) vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, etc.

109. Which approach to language teaching advocates words and word chunks as the foundation for language learning ?

• (a) Task based language learning
• (b) Communicative approach
• (c) Lexical approach
• (d) Grammar translation method

110. Which of the following is NOT the aim of multilingualism in school education ?

• (a) Making use of the languages of learners for teaching-learning in school.
• (b) Learning of the mother tongue as a language and as medium of learning, as far as possible.
• (c) Learning of mother tongue, Hindi and English under three language formula.
• (d) All children begin their schooling with their mother tongue and move on to add many (at least two more) languages.

111. Vani is reading an article in order to get a general overview of the text. What is her reading known as ?

• (a) Drawing Inference
• (b) Scanning
• (c) Skimming
• (d) Critical reading

112. Select two appropriate readings to promote school-based assessment. (a) It helps in the promotion of autonomy among both learners and teachers. (b) It gives scope for the school to plan on their own. (c) It takes away the examination board’s power. (d) It does not involve learner as an active participant in the processes of planning the assessment.

• (a) (a) and (b)
• (b) (b) and (c)
• (c) (c) and (d)
• (d) (d) and (a)

113. Which educational philosophy advocates the following ? Learning environment such as real-world settings or case-based learning are used instead of predetermined sequences of instruction.

• (a) Nativism
• (b) Constructivism
• (c) Audiolingualism
• (d) Cognitivism

114. Rahul, a learner of class VI while learning the new grammatical form is able to connect what he has already learned. Which of the following strategies comes from this ?

• (a) Heuristic strategies
• (b) Cognitive strategies
• (c) Metacognitive strategies
• (d) Both cognitive and metacognitive strategies

115. A teacher of class VII reads out the short text of seven sentences. Then she asks her learners to listen to it carefully and recreate the text nearer to it, not exactly the same text. What is this strategy known as ?

• (a) Schema creation
• (b) Top-down strategy
• (c) Bottom-up strategy
• (d) Paragraph dictation

116. Which of the following is true in terms of the objectives of Learning Outcomes ? (a) promote competency-based learning rather than content focused learning. (b) enable learners to master the language skills necessary to become creative users of language. (c) master the content and be able to apply it later. (d) enable learners to learn to use language for specific purposes.

• (a) (c) alone is true
• (b) (b) and (c) are true
• (c) (d) and (c) are true
• (d) (a) and (d) are true

117. Which of the following statements best describes ‘procedural knowledge’ in the context of learning grammar ?

• (a) knowing about the form.
• (b) knowing what a grammatical form is and using it.
• (c) learning the rules of grammar and reproduce it later.
• (d) Understanding how a grammatical form works from a grammar book.

118. Mrs. Usha Rani, a teacher of English at the Government High School, supports her learners to speak the English language by making them use the language for day-to-day purposes and by teaching them formulaic usages. What does she attempt to develop in her learner ?

• (a) Communication Skills
• (b) Interpersonal Skills
• (c) Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency
• (d) Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills

119. A teacher collects a particular pattern of errors of learners of class VII and discusses them once a month to make her learners aware of their errors. She does not reveal who committed those errors. She also asks her learners to reflect on their errors. What is this practice known as ?

• (a) Study and engagement with grammar
• (b) Teaching grammar
• (c) Providing feedback
• (d) Error analysis

120. Words that we recognise when we hear or see them are known as :

• (a) Lexis
• (b) Productive vocabulary
• (c) Receptive vocabulary
• (d) Engaging vocabulary

122. Which of the following is NOT a motive for people to draw to vegetarianism ?

• (a) They want to live longer, healthier lives.
• (b) They want to preserve earth’s natural resources.
• (c) They oppose eating animals because of their love for them.
• (d) They find vegetarian food cheaper than non-vegetarian food.

123. The implicit message that vegetarianism spreads is __________.

• (a) healthier lifestyle
• (b) reduction in pollution
• (c) natural way of life
• (d) universal love and non-violence

124. Vegetarianism is not as popular as it should be because __________.

• (a) it promotes natural way of life
• (b) it helps the animal kingdom co-exist with man
• (c) it is an inward looking habit and is best cultivated in the mind
• (d) we want to preserve earth’s natural resources

125. Which one of the following words is most similar in meaning to the word ‘cultivated’ ?

• (a) loved
• (b) attracted
• (c) developed
• (d) liked

126. Which one of the following words is opposite in meaning to the word, ‘tasteless’ as used in the passage ?

• (a) infinite
• (b) seasoned
• (c) taste
• (d) palatable

128. Read the following statements and state which of the options given below is correct. (A) Vegetarianism promotes longer and healthier lives and helps to preserve earth’s natural resources. (B) Vegetarianism has not become very popular because it does not help in prevention or treatment of heart diseases.

• (a) Only (A) is correct.
• (b) Only (B) is correct.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are correct.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are incorrect.

129. What did the young woman who was hearing the complaints do ?

• (a) She became very angry.
• (b) She kept her cool.
• (c) She became sad.
• (d) She became impatient.

130. Study the following statements : (A) Lack of self-control makes people grief stricken. (B) Harmonious negotiation with other people is required for self-control.

• (a) Only (A) is correct.
• (b) Only (B) is correct.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are correct.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are incorrect.

131. What every successful person must have ?

• (a) Money
• (b) Prestige
• (c) Self-control
• (d) Good environment

132. Which one of the following words is most similar in meaning to the phrase ‘liquid getting thick’ as used in the passage ?

• (a) coagulate
• (b) triggered
• (c) savage
• (d) contained

133. Harmonious negotiation is needed for __________.

• (a) success in life
• (b) self-control
• (c) negative emotions
• (d) protection of young human race

135. Which one of the following words is opposite in meaning to the word ‘pleasure’ ?

• (a) loss
• (b) anger
• (c) grief
• (d) damage

136. A teacher gives the following assignment to her students of class VIII. What type of writing would this be described as ? In pairs, brainstorm, jot down ideas and develop them into a good write-up giving two arguments in favour and two against the topic, Students do not need to have printed books any more.

• (a) Personal writing
• (b) Expository writing
• (c) Discursive writing
• (d) Descriptive writing

137. Which of the following is true of the innateness hypothesis of language acquisition and language learning ?

• (a) Efforts of the parents, peers and those near to the child as well as the environment are responsible for language acquisition.
• (b) Language is unique only to humans and only human who can speak a language.
• (c) Language faculty present in children makes them conceive language through intense practice and drilling.
• (d) Language faculty present in children is responsible for the production and acquisition of language in children.

138. Which one of the following are bottom-up listening activities ?

• (a) Dictation, cloze listening, use of multiple-choice questions, identifying positive and negative statements.
• (b) Summarising, listening to the whole message and applying the background knowledge.
• (c) Rearranging the jumbled words into sentences as one listens.
• (d) Recitation of poetry, extempore speech, debate and discussions.

139. What does ‘Pedagogical realization of materials’ mean in language teaching ?

• (a) Embedding activities and tasks to promote language pedagogy.
• (b) Embedding the pedagogy into the materials to enable the teacher to adopt the pedagogy.
• (c) Enabling the teacher to understand the pedagogy in her classroom.
• (d) To lists the various pedagogical strategies for classroom use.

140. ‘All learners in school begin their education in the mother tongue and move on to add many more languages as they move forward in school.’ What is this known as in language-in-education policy ?

• (a) Culture specific language-in-education policy
• (b) Three language formula for school education
• (c) Mother as base for language education
• (d) Mother tongue-based multilingualism

141. Sandhya reads an article on machine learning to find some information. What is her reading known as ?

• (a) Glancing
• (b) Reviewing
• (c) Skimming
• (d) Scanning

142. What is the following task known as ? A piece of small text is made into two different chunks or every alternate sentence is given to a pair and each learner dictates to the other and the other writes. This process is reversed to make the other person listen and write and they can later work together to finalise the whole text.

• (a) Transcreation
• (b) Paragraph dictation
• (c) Mutual dictation
• (d) Grammar dictation

143. ‘Learning is a search for meaning. Therefore, learning must start with the issues around which learners are actively trying to make meaning.’ Which educational philosophy advocates the above idea ?

• (a) Behaviourism
• (b) Constructivism
• (c) Multiple Intelligence
• (d) Structuralism

144. What do ‘form oriented language inputs’ refer to ?

• (a) Meaning of the inputs for learning the language
• (b) Use of vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar
• (c) Inputs which focus on information
• (d) The potential of the input for learning to write

145. Which of the following is ‘assessment for learning’ ?

• (a) Assessments designed to monitor and improve students’ progress during the teaching-learning process.
• (b) Assessments designed to know students’ progress at the end of the year and for consideration to promote them.
• (c) Assessment by the state to diagnose the achievement of learners at a particular stage.
• (d) Assessment designed to monitor students’ progress at the end of each term.

146. What is productive vocabulary ?

• (a) Words that we use in writing and speaking.
• (b) Words that we recognize as we hear.
• (c) Words that we fail to recognize.
• (d) Words that we may recall sometimes while listening.

147. Which one of the following statements would you NOT endorse for the teaching-learning of poetry ?

• (a) Poetry is for exercising the imagination of learners.
• (b) Poetry is for working with language.
• (c) Poetry is for pleasure.
• (d) Poetry is for teaching grammar.

148. The language used in the classroom in the various content areas as the teacher presents and interact with students. What is this language skill known as ?

• (a) Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
• (b) Language for real-life purposes
• (c) Language register
• (d) Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency

149. Which type of grammatical knowledge does the following statement mean ? Knowledge about the form, describing it and applying it in limited practice.

• (a) Competence
• (b) Metacognitive knowledge
• (c) Procedural knowledge
• (d) Declarative knowledge

150. What does the following task involve ? Learners are given a hotel menu and they have to order food for four people for an amount of Rs. 1800/-. One is a vegetarian, and other one is allergic to mushrooms. They have to keep Rs. 70 for auto rickshaw to go back hostel. Learners are speaking about what they will order, their preferences, and keeping the money to get back to the hostel.

• (a) Higher order thinking skills
• (b) Study-Engage-Reflect-Use (language)
• (c) Cognitive strategies
• (d) Present-Practice-Produce (language)