CTET Paper I — 1 March 2026 (Set N)

1. Which of the following age‑group corresponds to middle childhood ?

• (a) 12 – 16 years
• (b) 3 – 5 years
• (c) 6 – 11 years
• (d) Birth to 2 years

2. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Effective teaching involves presenting information to students in an organized manner and provide opportunities for discussion. Reason (R) : Learning is primarily a process of memorization and reproduction of information.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

3. Early symptoms of cerebral palsy can be identified by long delay in _____________.

• (a) fine motor and gross motor skills
• (b) understanding and comprehension
• (c) reading and writing
• (d) visual recognition of objects

4. How should a teacher deal with students who are distracted in her class ?

• (a) Divide the class into manageable groups and let them learn cooperatively
• (b) Offer material rewards for every class that they are attentive in
• (c) Give them severe punishment
• (d) Call the parents and threaten to give severe punishment to the children

5. Which of the following order of presenting the concepts favours effective learning ?

• (a) Complex to simple
• (b) Known to unknown
• (c) Abstract to concrete
• (d) Iconic to symbolic

6. Development of children is :

• (a) accurately predictable
• (b) disorderly and erratic
• (c) a unified process
• (d) a simple unitary process

7. According to Lev Vygotsky’s theory, what is meant by the term ‘scaffolding’ ?

• (a) A strategy in which a more knowledgeable person provides support and guidance to help a less knowledgeable person learn a new skill or concept.
• (b) A measurement tool used to assess a student’s cognitive development.
• (c) A resource material that aids in better recall of concepts.
• (d) A metaphorical term for when students are left to learn on their own.

8. In order to nurture critical thinking skills among students, a teacher should design and deliver activities which demand : (i) Logical reasoning and analysis. (ii) Mere retrieval of previously learnt concepts. (iii) Rote rehearsal and memorization. (iv) Synthesis and evaluation of information. Choose the correct option :

• (a) (i) and (ii)
• (b) (i) and (iv)
• (c) (ii) and (iv)
• (d) (ii) and (iii)

9. Learned patterns of culturally approved masculine and feminine behaviours are referred to as ‘Gender ____________’.

• (a) stereotypes
• (b) roles
• (c) bias
• (d) constancy

10. Which of the following statements about gifted children is correct ?

• (a) Gifted children have superior academic, social as well as emotional skills.
• (b) Gifted children come up with novel and original solutions to given problems.
• (c) Gifted children have a high degree of mental ability in specific domain of knowledge.
• (d) Gifted children excel in all areas of academics as well as in extra‑curricular activities.

11. Which of the following is an effective teaching strategy for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ?

• (a) Giving tasks that require multi‑tasking
• (b) Scheduling long and non‑stop lectures
• (c) Providing constant critical verbal feedback
• (d) Using visual aids and hands‑on activities

12. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Children’s development is a direct result of unfolding of genetic codes. Reason (R) : Childhood is a natural biological stage of development.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) false.

13. Children demonstrate ___________ when they add the new schema for recognizing ‘horses’ to their other systems for identifying animals.

• (a) Assimilation
• (b) Scaffolding
• (c) Metacognition
• (d) Accommodation

14. A constructivist classroom implies :

• (a) Focus on reproduction of knowledge.
• (b) Viewing learning as a passive process.
• (c) Using multiple pedagogical strategies.
• (d) Emphasis on the role of teacher as an instructor.

15. Dyslexia is a ___________.

• (a) Developmental autoimmune disorder
• (b) Developmental writing disorder
• (c) Developmental reading disorder
• (d) Developmental motor disorder

16. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Inclusion incorporates acceptance of differences and ensuring that all forms of exclusion are removed. Reason (R) : Diversity should be valued rather than looking at it as an obstacle.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

17. Constructivist approaches of knowledge construction encourage students to :

• (a) Rote‑memorize the content.
• (b) Follow singular way of solving a problem.
• (c) Interact and collaborate with peers.
• (d) Cast‑off their cultural understandings.

18. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Teachers in middle classes often have different expectations from boys and girls. Reason (R) : Beliefs about ‘sex’ differences inform stereotypes, which often leads to just two labels

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) (A) is true, but (R) false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

19. At which level of Kohlberg’s moral reasoning, children typically do not fully understand rules set down by others and society ?

• (a) Post‑operational level
• (b) Pre‑operational level
• (c) Pre‑conventional level
• (d) Conventional level

20. Which of the following factors contribute to growth and development during early childhood ? (i) Cultural practices (ii) Nutrition (iii) Play opportunities (iv) Quality of education Choose the correct option :

• (a) (ii) and (iii) only
• (b) (ii), (iii) and (iv) only
• (c) (i) and (ii) only
• (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

21. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : To ensure assessment for learning, teacher‑made tasks should be included for providing feedback to support student learning rather than the use of standardised outcome performances. Reason (R) : Standardized tests are more aligned with the assessment of learning rather than assessment for learning.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) false.

22. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Self‑regulation and impulse control should be a vital component of school curriculum. Reason (R) : Socio‑emotional skills help students to regulate their own learning.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) false.

23. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : At any age, the teacher should focus on what the child cannot do rather than what they can do with help or support. Reason (R) : Lev Vygotsky proposed that learning should include only those behaviours that the child can do independently.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) (A) is true, but (R) false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

24. In Jean Piaget’s theory, intelligence is about the development of :

• (a) Control over one’s basic instincts
• (b) Ability to use cultural tools
• (c) Cognitive schemas
• (d) Emotional maturity

25. According to Jean Piaget, intelligence is the ability to make changes in __________, the basic building blocks for learning.

• (a) Schemas
• (b) Cognitive maps
• (c) Associations
• (d) Concepts

26. Growth of the body and brain, sensory capabilities and motor skills are a part of :

• (a) Social development
• (b) Sensory motor development
• (c) Cognitive development
• (d) Physical development

27. What should be the purposes of assessement ? (i) To analyze students’ responses to find out what they know and understand (ii) To identify gaps in knowledge (iii) To identify effective learning activities (iv) To assign comparative marks to students Choose the correct option :

• (a) (ii) (iii) and (iv)
• (b) (i) (iii) and (iv)
• (c) (i) (ii) and (iii)
• (d) (i) and (ii)

28. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Teachers should not associate learning with strict discipline because children do not learn effectively in an environment of fear and stress. Reason (R) : Early childhood is a sensitive period for the development of language.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) (A) is true, but (R) false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

29. The processes of problem‑solving are hindered by :

• (a) Heuristics
• (b) Functional fixedness
• (c) Analogical thinking
• (d) Use of algorithms

30. Lev Vygotsky’s theory has been criticized for :

• (a) Emphasizing biological influences in the process of development at the expense of socio‑cultural factors.
• (b) Overlooking the role of genetics and biology in the course of learning.
• (c) Giving importance to students instead of teachers in the process of learning.
• (d) Considering prominence of emotional factors in forming motivation for learning.

31. The following table shows the number of students in School ABC, present on different days of a week. Study the table and answer the question : Days Number of students present Monday 382 Tuesday 390 Wednesday 405 Thursday 411 Friday 388 The total number of students present on Tuesday and Thursday exceeds the total number of students present on Monday and Friday by :

• (a) 33
• (b) 32
• (c) 37
• (d) 31

32. If 3024 = p4 × q3 × r, where p, q and r are prime numbers, then what is the value of (3p – 5q + r) ?

• (a) – 2
• (b) 2
• (c) – 4
• (d) 0 4 3

33. The weight of 20 laddoos is 1 kg. If 8 laddoos can be packed in one box, then how many boxes are required to pack 50 kg laddoos ?

• (a) 120
• (b) 100
• (c) 125
• (d) 150

34. The cost of 8 pens is ₹ 116 and the cost of 15 pencils is ₹ 67·50. Surbhi has one ₹ 200 note. If she buys 6 pens and 8 pencils, then how many rupees are left with her ?

• (a) ₹ 77
• (b) ₹ 80
• (c) ₹ 74
• (d) ₹ 70

35. Which of the following statements is not true ?

• (a) Sum of two acute angles can be equal to a straight angle.
• (b) Sum of two acute angles can be equal to an obtuse angle.
• (c) Sum of an acute angle and an obtuse angle can be equal to a straight angle.
• (d) Sum of two acute angles can be equal to a right angle.

36. If 1001 × 121 = 11 × 12111 – 275 ×___________, then what is the number at the blank space ?

• (a) 44
• (b) 42
• (c) 88
• (d) 22

37. The LCM of 21, 36, and 66 is not a multiple of :

• (a) 44
• (b) 72
• (c) 42
• (d) 28

38. Which of the following statements is/are true ? (i) 2 The number of minutes in 6 days is equal to number of seconds in 2 hours. 5 ​ (ii) The number of minutes in 10 days is equal to the number of minutes in 120 hours. (iii) The number of seconds in 2 hours is equal to the number of minutes in 5 days. (iv) The number of hours in 5 days is equal to the number of seconds in 2 minutes. Choose the correct option :

• (a) (iii) only
• (b) (i), (iii) and (iv)
• (c) (i) and (iii) only
• (d) (ii) and (iii) only

39. What is the sum of the next two numbers in the following pattern ? 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, ____, ____

• (a) 67
• (b) 69
• (c) 68
• (d) 71

40. The difference between the remainder obtained on dividing 2002 by 101 and dividing 2201 by 102 lies between :

• (a) 30 and 35
• (b) 15 and 20
• (c) 20 and 25
• (d) 25 and 30

42. In ∆ ABC, sides BC and BA are produced to D and E, respectively. If ∠ ACD = 120

• (a) 70
• (b) 65
• (c) 75
• (d) 80

43. If 112 ones + 12 thousands – 11012 = □ × 25, then the number in the place of □ is :

• (a) 44
• (b) 52
• (c) 42
• (d) 54

44. The internal length, breadth and height of a rectangular box are 12 cm, 10 cm and 7 cm, respectively. How many such boxes are needed to pack 6720 centimetre cubes ?

• (a) 8
• (b) 7
• (c) 9
• (d) 6

45. If the number of faces and edges of a polyhedron is 5 and 8 respectively, then the number of its vertices is :

• (a) 10
• (b) 5
• (c) 8
• (d) 15

46. Identify the statement which is not correct among the following :

• (a) Mathematics is not the study of algorithms only.
• (b) Estimation is not a mathematical skill.
• (c) Mathematics is the study of patterns.
• (d) Mathematics helps in solving problems.

47. Which of the following is not true for anecdotal records as a tool for assessment ?

• (a) Includes many interesting classroom events
• (b) It is a collection of a child’s selected best pieces of work
• (c) Provides observational narrative records of significant incidents in a child’s life
• (d) Refers to written descriptions of a child’s progress that a teacher keeps on a daily basis

48. National Education Policy, 2020 (NEP 2020) does not lay emphasis on ____________.

• (a) Rote learning
• (b) Learning through activities
• (c) Conceptual understanding
• (d) Experiential learning

49. A primary class mathematics teacher gave his students the following problem to solve : “If the price of one toy car is ₹ 50, then what would be the cost of 25 such toy cars ?” One of the students responded, “Ten cars will be ₹ 500; twenty cars will be ₹ 1,000; five cars will be ₹ 250; so the total cost is ₹ 1,250.” What are the heuristics used by the student in the above algorithm ?

• (a) The commutative law of addition
• (b) The associative law of multipliation
• (c) Decomposition and repeated groupings
• (d) Decomposition and associative law

50. If a line is transversal to three lines, then how many angles will be formed ?

• (a) 3
• (b) 12
• (c) 9
• (d) 6

51. ‘Each prime number has only two factors.’ Which method is most appropriate to be followed to prove it in Class VI ?

• (a) Synthesis method
• (b) Analysis method
• (c) Inductive method
• (d) Deductive method

52. Who is the inventor of Multi‑base Arithmetic Blocks (MAB)

• (a) Magdalene Lampert
• (b) Hans Freudenthal
• (c) Van Hiele
• (d) Zoltán Dienes

53. A student has solved the problem on subtraction in the following way : 604 ​ – 86 ​ 524 Choose the most apropriate option in the light of solution given by the student :

• (a) The student does not know how to do subtraction of two numbers.
• (b) The student has done a careless mistake.
• (c) The student has extended the algorithm of addition to subtraction.
• (d) The student has regrouped both the places of tens and ones as ‘10’.

54. “If the price of a shirt is ₹ 800 and the shopkeeper sells it at a discount of 16% , what will be the selling price ?” Two of the students of Class VI, answered it in the following ways : Student I : Selling price = ₹ 800 – 16% of ₹ 800 = ₹ 800 – ₹ (80 + 48) = ₹ 800 – ₹ 128 = ₹ 672 Student II : Selling price = ₹ 800 – 16% of ₹ 800 = ₹ 800 – ₹ = ₹ 800 – ₹ 8 × 16 = ₹ 800 – ₹ 128 = ₹ 672 Which of the following is most appropriate for the above situation ?

• (a) Mathematical process used by student I is incorrect.
• (b) Mathematical process used by only student II is correct.
• (c) Mathematical processes used by both student I and student II are correct.
• (d) Mathematical processes used by both student I and student II are correct, but process used by student I cannot be used in the examination.

55. Which of the following represents a non‑traditional view of mathematics education at primary level ?

• (a) It is about making sense of mathematical objects, data, spatial forms and patterns.
• (b) It is a set of problems to be solved in a prescribed manner.
• (c) It is about rules and methods of solving problems.
• (d) It is to prepare learners for higher mathematics.

56. Identify the most appropriate strategy to introduce the concept of multiplication at primary level.

• (a) Children should be told to memorize multiplication tables till 20.
• (b) They should be introduced to multiplication symbol.
• (c) Children need to be given ample
• (d) They should be told to practice at least 10 multiplication problems every day.

58. Which of the following are the misconceptions regarding Comprehensive and Continuous Evaluation (CCE) ? (i) CCE is nothing but converts marks into grades. (ii) Teachers have to give home assignment every day to assess children’s learning. (iii) It helps in reducing stress and anxiety in mathematics. (iv) In CCE, assessment is a part of teaching and learning. Choose the correct option :

• (a) (iv) only
• (b) (iii) and (iv)
• (c) (i) and (ii)
• (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)

59. Madhu has begun to reason logically and can perform conservation‑based activities mentally. According to Jean Piaget, in which stage of cognitive development is Madhu ?

• (a) Concrete‑operational
• (b) Formal‑operational
• (c) Sensori‑motor
• (d) Pre‑operational

60. ‘Infinite series of π’ was invented by __________.

• (a) Ramanujan
• (b) Aryabhata
• (c) Bhaskara I
• (d) Mahavira

61. Which of the following statements is true about weaver birds ?

• (a) They are nocturnal birds.
• (b) The female bird chooses the nest she likes the most and decides to lay her eggs there.
• (c) They are only found in South America.
• (d) The male and female weaver birds together make beautifully woven nests.

62. Which of the following are used for “Cheraw”, a special dance form of Mizoram ?

• (a) Clay pots, Wooden clubs
• (b) Bamboo sticks , Drums
• (c) Bamboo sticks, Flute
• (d) Whistle, Dhol

63. Which one of the following products is not obtained from Petroleum ?

• (a) Grease
• (b) Jatropa oil
• (c) Wax
• (d) Kerosene oil

64. When moist bread is kept in a closed container for 3 – 4 days, greenish black patches grow on bread. The greenish black patches growing on it is ___________.

• (a) Yeast
• (b) Bread Mold
• (c) Bacteria
• (d) Mushroom

65. Consider the following statements and select which one of the statements is not correct.

• (a) An elephant herd has only females and baby elephants.
• (b) Male elephants leave the herd when they are 24‑25 years old.
• (c) Oldest female elephant is the leader of the herd.
• (d) A herd usually has 10 to 12 female elephants and young ones.

66. Which of the following look after and guard the ants’ nest ?

• (a) Queen Ant
• (b) Soldier Ants
• (c) Worker Ants
• (d) Pharaoh Ant

67. Match the Classical dances with the States associated : Classical Dance State A. Bharatanatyam i. Andhra Pradesh B. Kathak ii. Kerala C. Mohiniattam iii. Uttar Pradesh D. Kuchipudi iv. Tamil Nadu Choose the correct option from the following :

• (a) A‑i, B‑iii, C‑ii, D‑iv
• (b) A‑iv, B‑iii, C‑ii, D‑i
• (c) A‑iii, B‑iv, C‑i, D‑ii
• (d) A‑ii, B‑i, C‑iv, D‑iii

68. The bordering states of Madhya Pradesh are :

• (a) Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Bihar
• (b) Gujarat, Maharashtra, Jharkhand
• (c) Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat
• (d) Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana

69. A doctor is located at X and his clinic is located at Y. Since there is no straight road between the two locations, the doctor first goes to A which is about 250 m due South of X, then goes to B which is about 400 m due East of A, then to C which is about 125 m South of B, and finally reaches the clinic at Y which is about 650 m due West of C. With respect to the clinic at Y, the actual direction of the doctor’s house at X is :

• (a) South‑East
• (b) North‑East
• (c) South‑West
• (d) North‑West

70. Consider the following statements : (i) Dr. Beaumont is the person who on the basis of his experiments found many secrets about digestion of food. (ii) He found that a stomach churns the food to digest it with the help of digestive juices secreted by it. (iii) He also found that the juice in our stomach is basic. (iv) Dr. Beaumont did experiments on the stomach of the same person for nineteen years. The correct statements are :

• (a) (i) and (ii)
• (b) (i) and (iv)
• (c) (ii) and (iv)
• (d) (i) and (iii)

71. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Bhimbetka is famous for caves and shelters. Reason (R) : These rock shelters are close to the Narmada Valley.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

72. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Sometimes, kings got their orders inscribed so that people could see, read and obey them. Reason (A) : There are other kinds of inscriptions as well where kings and queens recorded what they did.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

73. Consider the following description of the common houses built in a part of our country : “Houses made of stones or wood with slanting roofs”. This part is :

• (a) Ladakh
• (b) Rajasthan
• (c) Himachal Pradesh
• (d) Assam

74. Gandhiji went on a long march called ‘Dandi March’ in 1930 to break the Salt law imposed by the British. His march (yatra) was from ___________ to ___________ in Gujarat.

• (a) Ahmedabad, Gandhi Nagar
• (b) Ahmedabad, Dandi seashore
• (c) Dandi seashore, Ahmedabad
• (d) Gandhi Nagar, Sabarmati

75. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Solar energy and Tidal energy are called renewable energy sources. Reason (R) : Non‑renewable energy sources take thousands of years to be renewed.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

76. Experiments with water develop various process skills in children. Which one of the following is not a process skill ?

• (a) Retrieving facts
• (b) Analyzing
• (c) Drawing conclusions
• (d) Discussion

77. Which of the following is not the appropriate indicator for assessment in studying environmental issues ?

• (a) Analysis
• (b) Observation
• (c) Remembering
• (d) Discussion

78. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : In environmental studies, the actions of children are not to be judged as right/wrong. Children should get a chance to express their views, report observations and express their own experiences. Such a recommendation has been made by the National Curriculum Framework 2005 and 2023. Reason (R) : The National Curriculum Framework 2005 and 2023 recommend qualitative assessment of children.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

79. As per the theme “Travel” given in NCERT textbook, children are made to understand the technology, design, use of metals, etc. of the olden times through historical buildings. Which general objective of studying the environment is being achieved through this theme ?

• (a) Filling out the map of historical buildings
• (b) Making a report on how the survey of the buildings is done
• (c) Estimating and measuring work as a preparatory step, keeping in view the development of quantitative skills in later stages
• (d) Connecting children with the experiences of identifying directions

80. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Conversations with people with different understanding on the same subject make us feel the need to think more critically so that our knowledge is refined. Reason (R) : According to constructivism, the process of knowledge creation is basically a social process, in which the views and beliefs of others play an important role.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

81. A good EVS teacher always talks about environmental issues by taking examples from the children’s environment. This environment of children helps a lot in their learning. This environment of the child is ____________.

• (a) Natural context
• (b) Tertiary context
• (c) Secondary context
• (d) Primary context

82. Many messages related to the environment can be given through puppets, but for this, the teacher should train the children and develop special skills. Which of the following strategies by the teacher for making puppets in the classroom can motivate the children to make puppets ? (i) Make small groups of children so that fear and hesitation can be removed from among them. (ii) Promote the development of children’s self‑confidence and positive thinking skills. (iii) Create a structured environment for the children in the classroom. (iv) Create a competitive environment for puppet making in the class. Choose the correct option :

• (a) (ii) and (iii)
• (b) (iii) and (iv)
• (c) (i) and (ii)
• (d) (i) and (iv)

83. Which one of the following learning indicators is related to the “expression” area of assessment ?

• (a) Expressing ideas through pictures
• (b) Prediction
• (c) Hypothesising
• (d) Participation

84. The curriculum of EVS can be made much richer and more creative only if it is based on the principle of moving from the concrete to the abstract. Which of the following is indicating the principle of concrete to abstract in the context of learning EVS ? (i) The knowledge of the class should be linked to the children’s own life experience. (ii) The natural and social environment of the child should be explained first. (iii) Emphasis should be placed on the need to protect the child’s natural environment. (iv) Emphasis should be given on the participation of children in the knowledge construction of children. Choose the correct option :

• (a) (ii) only
• (b) (i) and (iv)
• (c) (i) only
• (d) (ii) and (iii)

85. Which of the following should be an objective of studying the environment by children ? Fill in the blanks given in this objective by choosing the appropriate options given below in the correct order : To enhance the child’s ____________ understanding and efficiency so that curiosity about ____________ facts is awakened in him, which is helpful in moving from ____________ environment to ____________ environment.

• (a) Social, Cognitive, Extended, Familial
• (b) Emotional, Natural, Cultural, Social
• (c) Cognitive, Social, Familial, Extended
• (d) Psychodynamic, Familial, Social, Natural

86. Which one of the following sub‑themes related to “Food” should be most suitable for class III children ?

• (a) When food gets spoiled
• (b) What carnivorous animals eat ?
• (c) Cooking food and eating with family
• (d) From farm to market

87. Many social issues have been kept in the NCERT Environmental Studies textbooks like who does the cleaning in the school/house, with whom the children share water/food. For such social issues, what should be the pedagogy of studying environment ? (i) The teacher should not impose his/her views on the children about what is right and what is wrong. (ii) Allow free sharing of children’s experiences and ideas. (iii) Such social issues should definitely be discussed in the class but should not be discussed too much. (iv) Children feel that such experiences have happened not only to them. Choose the correct option :

• (a) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
• (b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
• (c) (i), (ii) and (iv)
• (d) (i), (iii) and (iv)

88. Dev is teaching environmental issues to class V children. He takes the children of his class for field trips. For assessment of children, he seeks to use an assessment tool that clearly indicates achievement criteria in all components of children’s work of any kind, from written to oral. Which of the following is an assessment tool ?

• (a) Rating Scale
• (b) Narratives of teachers
• (c) Check‑list
• (d) Rubrics

89. Which of the following should not be the most appropriate while studying the world around as ?

• (a) Development of positive attitude and values
• (b) Child centered approach
• (c) Development of qualities like problem solving
• (d) Teacher centered approach

90. For studying environmental issues, a teacher tells the story of the stomach of the mosquito in the words of a scientist. Which of the following is the most appropriate reason to have this story in the textbook ?

• (a) Malaria spreads only through mosquitoes.
• (b) Ronald Ross got a big prize in the field of medicine in 1902.
• (c) Telling children what the scientific process is and after which tireless efforts the scientists complete their discovery.
• (d) Very small bacteria are seen with a microscope.

91. Read the following statements about reading skills. A. Reading is just the ability to decode. B. Children learn to read through involvement in the act of reading. Which of the above statements is/are True/False ?

• (a) Only B is true.
• (b) Only A is true.
• (c) Both A and B are true.
• (d) Both A and B are false.

92. Which of the following principles of emerging literacy is not supported by Vygotsky ?

• (a) Drill and practice
• (b) Cooperative learning
• (c) Adult‑guided learning
• (d) Child‑directed exploration

93. A child reads a storybook of her interest. This type of reading is referred to as :

• (a) Intensive reading
• (b) Skimming
• (c) Scanning
• (d) Extensive reading

94. A teacher does actions which learners follow as directed and learners are not expected to speak or use language. What is this method known as ?

• (a) Dramatics
• (b) Imitation method
• (c) Total Physical Response
• (d) Communicative approach

95. A teacher believes that free writing will help her students to strengthen their language skills. Free writing can be understood as writing that :

• (a) is based on free drawing.
• (b) is based on noting down everything that comes to the mind, without concern for form, style or grammar.
• (c) is planned and written for a free source, with focus on grammatically correct sentences.
• (d) is taken from any free source.

96. A teacher of class III gives her sudents unseen passage worksheets, writing tasks, picture description activities, recitation and storytelling by them across the term. She has recorded the performance of the learners to include in the overall performance assessment of the learners. This record of assessment is known as :

• (a) Summative assessment
• (b) Formative assessment
• (c) Performance
• (d) Portfolio

97. A child reads an unseen passage. He is expected to answer the questions that follow. This type of reading is referred to as :

• (a) Skimming
• (b) Scanning
• (c) Extensive reading
• (d) Exclusive reading

98. Which one of the following is a characteristic of the language disorder ‘Dyslexia’ ?

• (a) Students have good verbal but poor writing skills
• (b) Reversals in reading
• (c) Inconsistent spacing between letters/words
• (d) Difficulty forming letter shapes

99. A classroom makes the learners notice language through various means, viz. on the wall, class library, audio and videos. This can be described as :

• (a) Language acquisition
• (b) Language comprehension
• (c) Language practice through senses
• (d) Input‑rich environment

100. Which approach makes use of carefully selected and graded items ?

• (a) Structural approach
• (b) Constructivism approach
• (c) Communicative approach
• (d) Skill‑based approach

101. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Language is an effective tool for communication. Reason (R) : Language helps to convey social messages.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (R) is true, but (A) is false.
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) false.

102. In process writing approach, pre‑writing is :

• (a) One element of the writing process during which writers capture preliminary ideas.
• (b) One element of the writing process during which writers formally share their work with a wider audience.
• (c) One element of the writing process during which writers consider what they have written and make changes in the content.
• (d) One element of the writing process during which writers generate potential topics and writing ideas.

103. Which of the following should not be the objective of reading stories at foundational stage ?

• (a) Enhance reading skills
• (b) Explicitly tell moral values
• (c) Develop culture of reading
• (d) Enhance vocabulary

104. The deductive approach to teaching grammar says we should first ___________.

• (a) provide practice in communication
• (b) provide practice through drills
• (c) present rules
• (d) present examples

106. Why was Lata frowning ?

• (a) Because she had quarrelled with her friend.
• (b) Because she had not done well in the examination.
• (c) Because she had been scolded by her parents.
• (d) Because she could not take the examination.

107. Which exam had Lata taken ?

• (a) Physical Science
• (b) History
• (c) English literature
• (d) French literature

108. Which of the following statements is True/False ? A. Lata had done well in the examination. B. She feared she would be asked how she had fared in the examination at home.

• (a) Both A and B are true.
• (b) Both A and B are false.
• (c) B is true but A is false.
• (d) A is true but B is false.

109. Which of the following statements is True/False ? A. Some history students too were discussing their paper. B. The young man too had not fared well in his exam.

• (a) Both A and B are true.
• (b) Both A and B are false.
• (c) A is true but B is false.
• (d) B is true but A is false.

112. ‘... how well she had done.’ Identify the tense of the given expression.

• (a) Simple Future Tense
• (b) Past Perfect Tense
• (c) Present Perfect Tense
• (d) Simple Past Tense

113. ‘A knot of history students ...’ What does ‘knot’ mean in this expression ?

• (a) joint
• (b) string
• (c) loop
• (d) group

115. Who is the narrator in the poem ?

• (a) The reader
• (b) A common man
• (c) The poet
• (d) A villager

116. What was the condition of the mother ?

• (a) She had recovered from illness.
• (b) She was in acute pain.
• (c) She had high fever.
• (d) She was hale and hearty.

117. By conviction, the father was ____________.

• (a) a devotee of God
• (b) a confirmed atheist
• (c) a believer in destiny
• (d) an upholder of reason and rationality

118. The mother thanked God for ____________.

• (a) her quick recovery
• (b) being able to get a doctor in time
• (c) escaping the scorpion’s bite
• (d) sparing her children

119. Which literary device has been used in the expression : ‘to tame the poison’ ?

• (a) Anaphora
• (b) Simile
• (c) Oxymoron
• (d) Metaphor

120. Which figure of speech is there in ‘the flame feeding on my mother’ ?

• (a) Personification
• (b) Alliteration
• (c) Irony
• (d) Simile

121. Who was the immediate successor of Chandragupta Maurya ?

• (a) Seleucus
• (b) Antiochus
• (c) Bindusara
• (d) Ashoka

122. In the Mauryan period, what principal factor led to India opening up to the outside world ?

• (a) Spread of Buddhism
• (b) Intellectual attainments
• (c) Ambassadors of many countries coming to India
• (d) Exports of other countries

123. Before Ashoka, the Mauryan empire excluded __________.

• (a) the North‑West
• (b) the North
• (c) the East
• (d) the South‑East and a part of the South

124. Which of the following statements is True/False ? A. After the Kalinga war, Ashoka became a pacifist. B. Ashoka established his sway over the whole of India.

• (a) Both A and B are true.
• (b) Both A and B are false.
• (c) B is true, but A is false.
• (d) A is true, but B is false.

127. Choose the word nearest in meaning to ‘refrained’.

• (a) stopped
• (b) agreed
• (c) found
• (d) confined Directions : Answer the following questions by selecting the correct/most appropriate option.

128. A teacher of class III asks the children to draw a story as she narrates it. Through this activity, which language skill can be assessed ?

• (a) Listening Skill
• (b) Writing Skill
• (c) Reading Skill
• (d) Speaking Skill

129. “Understands and uses new words” can be a rubric for assessing :

• (a) Grammar
• (b) Fluency
• (c) Pronunciation
• (d) Vocabulary

130. Which of the following is true for emergent literacy ?

• (a) Literacy comes as naturally as crawling and jumping.
• (b) Literacy begins with memorizing of rhymes.
• (c) Literacy begins with writing of alphabets.
• (d) Literacy emerges before children are formally taught to read.

131. ‘Peer review’ is understood as an important strategy for improving students’ writing process. The purpose of ‘peer review’ is to :

• (a) help the teacher in evaluation of writing of students.
• (b) connect ideas and build paragraphs for writing.
• (c) encourage in finding faults of their peers.
• (d) offer formative feedback to their peers, which further helps them to improve their drafts.

132. Which of the following is the characteristic of the learning disorder ‘Dysgraphia’ ?

• (a) Delays in speaking and acquiring language
• (b) Reversals in writing
• (c) Difficulty forming letter shapes
• (d) Difficulty in learning the names of the letters and sounds of the alphabet

133. Which of the following is true for nature of reading ?

• (a) Children learn to read through involvement in the act of reading.
• (b) We need to understand all the words in order to understand the meaning of the text.
• (c) Reading is just the ability to decode.
• (d) Maturation in sensorimotor skills is assumed to transfer to reading skills.

134. A reading activity in which learners hear or read different parts of a text, then exchange information with others in order to complete a task, is referred to as :

• (a) Jigsaw dictation
• (b) Running dictation
• (c) Running text
• (d) Dumb charades

135. Read the following statements. A. Writing experiences promote reading comprehension. B. Writing helps in developing vocabulary knowledge. Which of the above statements is/are true for importance of writing in early years ?

• (a) Both A and B are true.
• (b) Only A is true.
• (c) Both A and B are false.
• (d) Only B is true.

136. A teacher of class III wants to conduct a pre‑writing activity as a part of the writing task assigned to students. Which of the following activity cannot be conducted as a pre‑writing activity ?

• (a) Revising the drafts of their partners
• (b) Giving reading material related to the topic
• (c) Talking to their partner on ideas related to the topic
• (d) Brainstorming ideas, and jotting them on the board

137. The idea that ‘The language provides the framework for our thoughts’ is supported by :

• (a) Sapir‑Whorf Hypothesis
• (b) Jean Piaget
• (c) Jerome Bruner
• (d) Noam Chomsky

138. The basic premise of Vygotskian principles does not include :

• (a) Assimilation
• (b) Scaffolding
• (c) Zone of proximal development
• (d) Enculturation

139. Which of the following about language development is supported by Piaget ?

• (a) Certain language concepts must be taught when the child has reached the appropriate stage of cognitive maturity.
• (b) Children need to memorize grammatical rules in order to learn a language.
• (c) Language development is just like habit formation.
• (d) The development of language is a cause, not a consequence of cognitive development.

140. Navomita, a teacher of class II, has maintained a classroom library and she encourages the students to read stories. This practice should be followed to _____________.

• (a) keep students busy for a long time while the teacher completes her pending work
• (b) make students memorize more stories
• (c) develop a culture of reading
• (d) explicitly discuss and memorize moral values of the stories

141. Given below are two statements, one marked as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. Assertion (A) : Learners of second language take more time to develop basic interpersonal communicative skills than cognitive academic language proficiency. Reason (R) : Conversational proficiency is more context‑embedded than academic proficiency.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) (R) is true, but (A) is false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

143. Where had Venkatashami gone ?

• (a) He had gone to the city for work.
• (b) He had eloped with a girl.
• (c) He had gone for higher studies.
• (d) He had gone into hiding.

144. When Venkatashami was brought back home, _____________.

• (a) he looked hale and hearty
• (b) he was running high fever
• (c) he looked the same as he had left
• (d) he looked weak and emaciated

145. What was Venkatashami’s attitude towards the girl ?

• (a) He deserted her and came home.
• (b) He was indifferent towards her.
• (c) He did not care for her.
• (d) He loved her passionately.

146. What was Venkatashami’s final fate ?

• (a) He returned home to live a long life.
• (b) He suffered from a mysterious illness all his life.
• (c) He died a tragic death.
• (d) He migrated and lived in another city .

147. Which of the following statements is True/False ? A. The family was willing to marry Venkatashami to the Dombara girl. B. Venkatashami came home on his own accord.

• (a) Both A and B are true.
• (b) Both A and B are false.
• (c) A is true but B is false.
• (d) B is true but A is false.

148. What literary device has been used in the expression ‘... like a flash of lightning among the clouds’ ?

• (a) Simile
• (b) Hyperbole
• (c) Paradox
• (d) Parallelism

149. Identify the tense of the given expression : ‘... led him astray.’

• (a) Simple Past
• (b) Past Continuous
• (c) Past Perfect
• (d) Simple Present

150. Choose the word nearest in meaning to ‘ramble’.

• (a) jump
• (b) wander
• (c) quieten
• (d) walk