CTET Paper II — 7 July 2019 (Set W) — Social Studies

1. Read the following description and identify the stage of moral reasoning of Kohlberg. Description : Right action is defined by self-chosen ethical principles of conscience that are valid for all humanity, regardless of law and social agreement.

• (a) The instrumental purpose orientation
• (b) The social - contract orientation
• (c) The social - order maintaining orientation
• (d) The universal ethical principle orientation

2. One of the major accomplishments of concrete operational stage is

• (a) Animistic thinking
• (b) Ability to conserve
• (c) Hypothetic - deductive reasoning
• (d) Secondary circular reactions

3. Constructivists such as Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky view learning as

• (a) acquisition of skills
• (b) conditioning of responses
• (c) passive repetitive process
• (d) process of meaning-making by active engagement

4. Selecting and presenting stories and clippings from newspaper that portray both men and women in nontraditional roles is an effective strategy to

• (a) promote gender bias
• (b) promote gender constancy
• (c) encourage stereotypical gender roles
• (d) counter gender stereotypes

5. Which of the following play an important role in a child’s socialization ? (i) Media (ii) School (iii) Family (iv) Neighbourhood

• (a) (iii), (i)
• (b) (ii), (iii)
• (c) (i), (iii), (iv)
• (d) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

6. As per Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence, how would the intelligence of a person with the following characteristics be categorized ? Characteristics : “Ability to detect and respond appropriately to the moods, temperaments, motivations and, intentions of others.”

• (a) Naturalistic
• (b) Intrapersonal
• (c) Interpersonal
• (d) Therapeutic

7. Which of the following should be the reasons for assessment of children ? (i) To separate and label children into ‘non-achievers’, ‘low-achievers’, ‘average’ and ‘high-achievers’. (ii) To improve teaching-learning processes in the classroom. (iii) To find out what changes and progress in learning that takes place in the child over a period of time. (iv) To discuss the capabilities, potential, strengths and challenging areas of the child with the parents.

• (a) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
• (b) (i), (ii), (iii)
• (c) (ii), (iii), (iv)
• (d) (ii), (iv)

8. Which of the following is central to the concept of progressive education ?

• (a) Textbook centric learning
• (b) Belief in the capability and potential of every child
• (c) Standard instruction and assessment
• (d) Extrinsic motivation and uniform assessment parameters

9. To understand individual differences in development it is important

• (a) to look at the inherited characteristics that give each person a special start in life.
• (b) to look at the environmental factors that affect individuals.
• (c) to consider maturation of the body and the brain.
• (d) to consider both inherited characteristics as well as environmental factors and their interplay.

10. Which of the following is not a principle of development ?

• (a) Individuals develop at different rates.
• (b) Development is relatively orderly.
• (c) Development takes place gradually over a period of time.
• (d) Exact course and nature of development is determined at the time of birth itself.

11. Several research studies show that teachers have more overall interaction with boys than girls. What is the correct explanation for this ?

• (a) Boys have much more academic capabilities than girls.
• (b) Boys need more attention than girls.
• (c) This is an example of gender bias in teaching.
• (d) Boys are easier to manage than girls in the classroom.

12. The ability to come up with original and divergent solutions to a problem is a primary characteristic of

• (a) Egocentric children
• (b) Impaired children
• (c) Creative children
• (d) Children with learning disability

13. What instructional adaptations should a teacher make while working with students who are ‘Visually Challenged’ ?

• (a) Speak clearly and use a lot of touch and feel materials.
• (b) Use a variety of visual presentations.
• (c) Orient herself so that the students can watch her closely.
• (d) Focus on a variety of written tasks especially worksheets.

14. Co-operative learning and peer-tutoring _________ in an inclusive classroom.

• (a) should be actively promoted
• (b) should be actively discouraged
• (c) should be occasionally used
• (d) should not be used

15. Which of the following is most important in an inclusive classroom ?

• (a) Uniform instruction
• (b) Standardized testing
• (c) Promoting competitive learning
• (d) Individualized education plan

16. Which of the following is a correctly matched pair of learners and their primary characteristics ?

• (a) Hearing impaired learners – Cannot comprehend visual information
• (b) ‘Dyslexic’ learners – Lack reading and writing fluency
• (c) Creative learners – Hyperactive; slow in completing work
• (d) Attention deficit learners – High motivation; can sustain attention for long periods of time.

17. Which of the following does not result in meaningful facilitation of learning ?

• (a) Connecting new knowledge to pre-existing knowledge
• (b) Promoting repetition and recall
• (c) Use of examples and non-examples
• (d) Encouraging multiple ways of looking at a problem

18. Which of the following would not be consistent with a constructivist environment ?

• (a) Students are given frequent opportunities to engage in complex, meaningful, problem-based activities.
• (b) Students work collaboratively and are given support to engage in task-oriented dialogue with each other.
• (c) Teachers elicit students’ ideas and experiences in relationship to key topics and plant teaching-learning to elaborate or restructure their current knowledge.
• (d) Teachers employ specific end of the term assessment strategies and give feedback on products rather than processes.

19. A teacher should encourage students to set _______________ rather than ______________.

• (a) learning goals; performance goals
• (b) performance goals; learning goals
• (c) failure avoiding goals; marks seeking goals
• (d) marks seeking goals; failure avoiding goals

20. Which of the following are examples of effective learning strategies ? (i) Setting goals and time tables (ii) Making organizational charts and concept maps (iii) Thinking of examples and non-examples (iv) Explaining to a peer (v) Self-questioning

• (a) (i), (ii), (iii)
• (b) (i), (iv), (v)
• (c) (i), (ii), (iii), (v)
• (d) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)

21. Which of these is an example of extrinsic motivation ?

• (a) “I enjoy doing my homework because it is so much fun.”
• (b) “I learn so much when I do my homework.”
• (c) “Doing homework makes me understand my concepts better.”
• (d) “I complete my homework because the teacher gives us marks for each assignment.”

22. In a primary classroom a teacher should

• (a) give only examples
• (b) give only non-examples
• (c) give both examples and non-examples
• (d) not give any examples and non-examples

23. Which of the following strategies would promote meaning-making in children ?

• (a) Exploration and discussion
• (b) Transmission of information
• (c) Using punitive measures
• (d) Uniform and standardized testing

24. Children’s errors and misconceptions –

• (a) are a significant step in the teaching-learning process.
• (b) are a hindrance and obstacle to the teaching-learning process.
• (c) should be ignored in the teaching-learning process.
• (d) signify that children’s capabilities are far inferior than that of adults.

25. In the constructivist frame child is viewed as

• (a) ‘miniature adult’ who is less than adult in all aspects such as size, cognition, emotions.
• (b) ‘tabula rasa’ or ‘blank slate’ whose life is shaped entirely by experience.
• (c) a ‘passive being’ who can be shaped and molded into any form through conditioning.
• (d) a ‘problem solver’ and a ‘scientific investigator’.

26. A teacher’s role while using co-operative learning in her class –

• (a) is to be a silent spectator and let children do what they want.
• (b) is to leave the class and let children work on their own.
• (c) is to be supportive and monitor each group.
• (d) is to support the group which has the ‘bright’ and ‘talented’ children.

27. Which of the following statements denotes the relationship between development and learning correctly ?

• (a) Development and learning are not related.
• (b) Learning takes place irrespective of development.
• (c) Rate of learning far exceeds the rate of development.
• (d) Development and learning are inter-related and inter-dependent.

28. According to Piaget, specific psychological structures (organized ways of making sense of experience) are called

• (a) mental tools
• (b) schemes
• (c) images
• (d) mental maps

29. “With an appropriate question / suggestion, the child’s understanding can be extended far beyond the point which she could have reached alone.” Which construct does the above statement highlight ?

• (a) Zone of proximal development
• (b) Equilibration
• (c) Conservation
• (d) Intelligence

30. According to Lev Vygotsky, basic mental capacities are transformed into higher cognitive processes primarily through

• (a) rewards and punishment
• (b) social interaction
• (c) stimulus-response association
• (d) adaptation and organization IMPORTANT :

31. Which of the following was not a feature to Athenian democracy ?

• (a) All the free men and women above 30 years of age were recognised as full citizens.
• (b) All citizens were expected to serve in army and navy.
• (c) All the citizens attended assemblies that were held for deciding upon matters.
• (d) Appointment for many positions were made through lottery.

32. Which of the following was Samudragupta’s policy specifically towards the rulers of Dakshinapatha ?

• (a) Their kingdoms were uprooted and made a part of Samudragupta’s empire.
• (b) They submitted to Samudragupta and offered daughters in marriage.
• (c) They brought tribute, followed his orders and attended his court.
• (d) They surrendered after being defeated and then were allowed to rule again.

34. In the late 18 th century, the presidencies of Bombay, Madras and Bengal developed from which of the following East India Company’s trading posts ?

• (a) Surat, Madras, Calcutta
• (b) Nagpur, Madurai, Delhi
• (c) Pune, Madras, Calcutta
• (d) Surat, Madurai, Delhi

35. Consider the statements (A) and (B) about Mahayana Buddhism and choose the correct answer. (A) In this form of Buddhism, Buddha’s presence in sculptures was shown using certain signs. (B) The belief in Bodhisattvas emerged with the coming of Mahayana Buddhism.

• (a) (A) is true, (B) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, (B) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are true.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are false.

36. Consider the statements (A) and (B) about Mahalwari and Ryotwari system of revenues and choose the correct answer. (A) The Mahalwari was devised for North-Western provinces of Bengal presidency, while the Ryotwari was devised for British territories in South. (B) While in Mahalwari, village headman collected and paid revenue of the whole village to the company, in Ryotwari direct settlements was made with cultivators.

• (a) Only (A) correctly explains differences between the two revenue systems.
• (b) Only (B) correctly explains differences between the two revenue systems.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) correctly explain differences between the two revenue systems.
• (d) Neither (A) nor (B) correctly explain differences between the two revenue systems.

37. A tomb of a Sufi saint is known as :

• (a) Khanqah
• (b) Idgah
• (c) Gulfaroshan
• (d) Dargah

38. The doctrine of Vishishtadvaita was propounded in eleventh century by :

• (a) Ramanuja
• (b) Basavanna
• (c) Eknath
• (d) Sakhubai

39. Consider the statements (A) and (B) on Diwani Adalat established in 1772 in India and choose the correct answer : (A) It was a criminal court. (B) It was presided over by the European district collectors.

• (a) (A) is true, (B) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, (B) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are true.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are false.

40. A garisson town refers to :

• (a) Land adjacent to a city that supplies goods to it.
• (b) A fortified settlement with soldiers.
• (c) A place where goods from different production centres are sold.
• (d) A town on an important trading port.

41. Assertion (A) : It will be 7:30 p.m. in India, when it is 2:00 p.m. in London. Reason (R) : India is located east of Greenwich at 82º30′E. Select the correct option from the given alternatives.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not a correct explanation of (A).

42. Consider the statements A, B, C on time zone and choose the correct answer : A. Some countries have a great longitudinal extent and so they adopted more than one standard time. B. The earth has been divided into twenty-four time zones of one hour each. C. Each time zone covers 15º of longitude.

• (a) A and B are correct and C is incorrect.
• (b) A and C are correct and B is incorrect.
• (c) B and C are correct and A is incorrect.
• (d) A, B, C all are correct.

43. Choose the correct arrangement of atmosphere’s layers beginning from earth’s surface :

• (a) Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere, Troposphere
• (b) Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere
• (c) Exosphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Troposphere, Thermosphere.
• (d) Mesosphere, Troposphere, Exosphere, Stratosphere, Thermosphere

44. Seasons occur due to which of the following reasons ?

• (a) Axis of the Earth makes an angle of 66½º with its orbital plane.
• (b) Tropic of Capricorn receives direct rays of the sun, falling vertically at 23½º S.
• (c) Revolution of the Earth and inclination of its axis in the same direction.
• (d) Circle of illumination caused due to rotation of the earth around its axis.

45. The major constituents of earth’s atmosphere by percentage is :

• (a) Oxygen
• (b) Carbon dioxide
• (c) Nitrogen
• (d) Helium

46. Which of the following statements about ocean currents is/are correct ? A. The cold currents carry water from polar or higher latitudes to tropical or lower latitudes. B. Labrador is a warm current. C. Areas where warm and cold currents meet provide world’s best fishing grounds.

• (a) A and B are correct.
• (b) A and C are correct.
• (c) B and C are correct.
• (d) Only A is correct.

47. The depositional feature of a glacier is called :

• (a) Sea cave
• (b) Moraine
• (c) Loess
• (d) Levees

48. Statements A and B describe the features of which of the following vegetations ? A. This vegetation is found in the higher latitudes (50º – 70º) of Northern Hemisphere. B. It is also called as Taiga.

• (a) Temperate Grasslands.
• (b) Temperate Deciduous Forests.
• (c) Coniferous Forests.
• (d) Mediterranean Vegetation.

49. Which of the following is not a feature of the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin ?

• (a) Ox-Bow lakes dot the plain area.
• (b) The density of population of plain area is very high.
• (c) The delta area is covered with Mangrove forests.
• (d) Slash and Burn agriculture is practiced in this area for land cultivation.

50. Swimmers can float in Dead sea because :

• (a) Winds blow at a very high speed over the surface of sea water.
• (b) More warm currents than cold currents originate in the sea.
• (c) The sea experiences more high tides than low tides.
• (d) The increased salt content makes the sea dense.

51. Consider the statements A and B about land use and choose the correct answer : A. Land use refers to use of land exclusively for agriculture and forestry. B. Land use is primarily determined by its topography.

• (a) A is true and B is false.
• (b) A is false and B is true.
• (c) Both A and B are true.
• (d) Both A and B are false.

52. Shelter belts help in :

• (a) Checking wind movement to protect soil cover.
• (b) Retaining soil moisture.
• (c) Slowing down the flow of water over soil.
• (d) Preventing gullies and hence further soil loss.

53. What determines the thickness of soil profile ?

• (a) Relief
• (b) Time
• (c) Flora-Fauna
• (d) Climate

54. On the basis of their distribution, resources can be classified as :

• (a) Actual and Potential resources
• (b) Renewable and Non-renewable resources
• (c) Biotic and Abiotic resources
• (d) Ubiquitous and Localised resources

55. Which of the following statements about a ‘diverse society’ is correct ?

• (a) It would have differences and inequalities in language, religion and culture.
• (b) It would have differences in culture and power.
• (c) It would have similarities of language, religion and culture.
• (d) It would have differences and similarities in language, culture and religion.

56. Which of the following statements challenges gender stereotypes ?

• (a) Women are very emotional.
• (b) Women are fashion conscious.
• (c) Women are responsible bus drivers.
• (d) Women are nurturing.

57. Which of the following composed the main demand of the suffragettes ?

• (a) Right to vote for women.
• (b) Right to bureaucratic roles for women.
• (c) Adult franchise for propertied women.
• (d) Adult franchise for working class.

58. Which of the following statements about Jatakas is correct ?

• (a) These were composed by ordinary people, written down and preserved by Buddhist monks.
• (b) These were composed by ordinary people, written down and preserved by Jaina monks.
• (c) These were composed by Buddhist monks, written down and preserved by ordinary people.
• (d) These were composed by Jaina monks, written down and preserved by ordinary people.

59. Which of the following statements about Ain-i-Akbari is correct ?

• (a) It is the first volume of the three volume history of Akbar’s reign titled Akbar Nama.
• (b) It deals with Akbar’s ancestors and records the events of Akbar’s reign.
• (c) It was written by Mirza Hakim, who was one of Akbar’s courtiers.
• (d) It has rich statistical details about diverse aspects of Akbar’s administration.

60. Who among the following compiled the compositions of Baba Guru Nanak in Gurumukhi, also adding his own compositions to it ?

• (a) Guru Gobind Singh
• (b) Guru Angad
• (c) Guru Arjan
• (d) Guru Teg Bahadur

61. Consider List – A and List – B. List – A has different types of rural employment. List – B has different kinds of loans taken. List – A List – B a. Agricultural i. Health and off-worker season consumption b. Large ii. Fertiliser, Pesticide, farmer Seeds c. Middle iii. Government loan for farmer agro-processing plant Match items of List – A with List – B, based on most likely reason for loans : a b c

• (a) i ii iii
• (b) ii i iii
• (c) i iii ii
• (d) iii i ii

62. Which of the following forms the trading arrangement between a weaver and a merchant under the “Putting out” system ? Choose the correct option.

• (a) Yarn is bought for the lowest bid from merchant; and cloth is sold at highest bid.
• (b) Yarn is sold to the weaver by the merchant; and weaver makes cloth for self-consumption.
• (c) Yarn is supplied by the merchant to the weaver and cloth produced is bought back from weaver at a low price.
• (d) Yarn is bought by weaver from the open market and cloth is sold to merchant at a low price.

63. Consider the statements A to E. They form jumbled links in a chain of market, wherein ‘Ketchup’ reaches a consumer. A. Sona orders ketchup from a neighbourhood shop. B. Farmer buys tomato seeds from a local trader. C. Wholesale merchant bids for tomatoes in the vegetable mandi. D. A small city based food processing unit buys tomatoes. E. Marketing company supplies ketchup to stores. Choose the option that represents the correct sequence in the chain of market :

• (a) B, C, D, E, A
• (b) B, D, E, C, A
• (c) C, B, D, E, A
• (d) A, B, D, C, E

64. According to Appellate System, a person dissatisfied with the verdict given by the Court of the District Judge could appeal to which of the following courts ?

• (a) Session Court
• (b) Supreme Court
• (c) High Court
• (d) Trial Court

65. Consider the statements A and B on the Indian Parliament : A. A political party that has any number of Members of Parliament in the Lok Sabha can form a government. B. Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and President are part of the Parliament. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Only A is true.
• (b) Only B is true.
• (c) Both A and B are true.
• (d) Both A and B are false.

66. Read the statement given below : “The Indian State has many checks and balances to prevent the misuse of powers.” Choose the correct option that represents the meaning of ‘Indian State’ in the above statement.

• (a) The Indian Central Government
• (b) The Indian Bureaucracy
• (c) Any State Government
• (d) The Indian Political System

67. Which of the following should the teaching of History focus upon ? A. Concepts of plural representations and building a sense of historical diversity. B. Encouraging students to imagine living in the past and relate to the experiences.

• (a) Only A
• (b) Only B
• (c) Both A and B
• (d) Neither A nor B

68. Two of the statements given below are false. Identify these statements. A. Natural and physical basis of scientific inquiry can be used in Social Science also. B. The teaching of Social Science has the responsibility towards value education only. C. The same methodology can be used to teach different disciplines of Social Science. D. The teaching of Social Science concerns more with involvement with complexities rather than information.

• (a) A and C
• (b) B and C
• (c) B and D
• (d) C and D

69. A Social Science teacher should aim towards :

• (a) Rote memorisation
• (b) Building perspective
• (c) Syllabus completion
• (d) Passing the examinations

70. Which of the following approaches have been considered while developing social and political life textbooks ? A. Learning through use of concrete examples and experiences. B. Learning through retention based on facts and data.

• (a) Only A
• (b) Only B
• (c) Both A and B
• (d) Neither A nor B

71. Which of the following is true about Social Science ? A. Memorising information will lead to conceptual development. B. The status of a ‘fact’ is always fixed.

• (a) Only A
• (b) Only B
• (c) Both A and B
• (d) Neither A nor B

72. The best practice for sensitising students towards wildlife conservation would be :

• (a) Reading about relevant policies and laws.
• (b) Preparing a play on wildlife conservation.
• (c) Observing wildlife week at the school.
• (d) Pledging not to buy animal based products.

73. What is the main purpose of an Open- Book Evaluation ?

• (a) Students need not feel the burden to rote memorise all facts and details.
• (b) Teachers need not undergo extra pressure to frame new questions.
• (c) Students need not read extra books.
• (d) Students can answer exactly according to the textbook.

74. Which of the following would be the best closure tasks after the teaching of the theme ‘The Making of Regional Cultures’ ? A. Small group projects B. Dance performance by an expert C. Quiz competition D. Collage making

• (a) A, B, C
• (b) A, B, D
• (c) A, C, D
• (d) B, C, D

75. Imagine you have inherited a kingdom. How would you make your kingdom stable and prosperous ? In context of the above question, as a teacher which skill would you emphasise upon while assessing the students ?

• (a) Comparing experiences.
• (b) Ability to analyse.
• (c) Infer and extrapolate from situation.
• (d) Ability to reason.

76. A respectful way to introduce the theme ‘Adivasis’ would be to :

• (a) Portraying them as rich and powerful forest people.
• (b) Showcasing their colourful costumes.
• (c) Screening a tribal song and dance.
• (d) Discussing their primitive and rustic pasts.

77. While teaching controversial issues in Social Science class, you should :

• (a) Completely avoid confrontations.
• (b) Take them up occassionally and conduct brief discussions.
• (c) Take them up with proper planning to initiate a dignified discussion.
• (d) Keep in mind students’ background and discuss only non-hurtful aspects.

78. The teaching of social and political life should focus on : A. Study of Political Institutions. B. Study of Basic Principles.

• (a) Only A
• (b) Only B
• (c) Both A and B
• (d) Neither A nor B

79. While planning a small group activity with students, which of the following should be emphasised ? A. To create a challenging task. B. To teach students to work together. C. To select groups thoughtfully. D. Completion of task.

• (a) A, B, C
• (b) A, B, D
• (c) A, C, D
• (d) B, C, D

80. Which of the following statements are true about the study of Social Science ? A. Helps in systemic analysis of issues. B. Students will grow up and find out for themselves. C. Focus should be on subject details rather than understanding. D. Building sensitivity and curiosity as much as providing information.

• (a) A, C
• (b) A, D
• (c) B, D
• (d) C, D

81. The writings of the following cannot be attributed as a primary source ?

• (a) Muzaffar Alam
• (b) Abul Fazl
• (c) Rashsundari Devi
• (d) Ziyauddin Barani

82. Which of the following sources would be wrong to use if you have to introduce Ancient Indian History ?

• (a) Cave paintings
• (b) Miniature Paintings
• (c) Inscriptions
• (d) Manuscripts

83. Which of the following can a Social Science teacher critically address while discussing the theme, ‘Advertisement’ ? A. Appeal to the personal emotions. B. Issues of equality.

• (a) Only A
• (b) Only B
• (c) Neither A nor B
• (d) Both A and B

84. ‘Discuss few more reasons that are responsible for changes in land use pattern.’ In context of the above question, as a Social Science teacher you would be assessing students’ skill of :

• (a) Classifying
• (b) Generalising
• (c) Inferring
• (d) Hypothesising

85. To familiarise students with the theme, ‘Natural Vegetation and Wildlife’, which would be the best pedagogical method ?

• (a) Screening a documentary on the theme.
• (b) Visit to a wildlife sanctuary.
• (c) Inviting an expert for a lecture.
• (d) Textbook reading and discussion.

86. What is the role of cartoons in a Social Science textbooks ?

• (a) No role as cartoons are immature.
• (b) Mainly used as fillers so that textbooks look attractive.
• (c) Makes class enjoyable as the subject is boring.
• (d) Raises basic issues and makes it relatable to students.

87. Consider statements A and B on the practice of apartheid : A. It discriminates between races but allowed all the right to vote. B. It prevents mingling of races but gives equitable public facilities to all. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Only A is true.
• (b) Only B is true.
• (c) Both A and B are true.
• (d) Both A and B are false.

88. Who among the following occupies elected office in a Gram Panchayat ? A. Sarpanch B. Ward Members C. Secretary D. Gram Sabha Member Choose the correct option :

• (a) A and B
• (b) A and C
• (c) A, B and C
• (d) B, C and D

89. Which of the following work is the responsibility of a ‘Patwari’ ?

• (a) Construction and maintenance of common property.
• (b) Executing employment schemes for land development.
• (c) Preventing land disputes by investigating complaints.
• (d) Measuring land and keeping records.

90. Which of the following statements on the functioning of a local urban administration is correct ?

• (a) Commissioner of a municipal corporation makes and decides the budget for the year.
• (b) Commissioner is elected by ward councillors and reports to him/her.
• (c) Ward councillors form committees to resolve issues of governance.
• (d) Ward councillors are headed by the Sarpanch.

106. A teacher along with her learners writes the names of objects in the classroom (like door, black board, windows etc) in their mother tongue and in English on pieces of paper and pastes them on the objects for learners to notice the words. What is the teacher trying to do ?

• (a) The teacher wants her learners to write well.
• (b) The teacher is creating a (print) language rich environment in the classroom.
• (c) The teacher is trying to teach letters of alphabet.
• (d) The teacher is creating a situation for the students to learn the spelling of the words.

107. This is assumed to be a major difference between language acquisition and learning.

• (a) Language acquisition is natural and language learning is deliberate/instructed.
• (b) Language acquisition happens at an early stage while language learning takes place later.
• (c) Language acquisition always happens in mother tongue and language learning happens in the second language.
• (d) Language acquisition is meaning formation and language learning is making meaning.

109. Many minor and tribal languages are not available in school curriculum and the number of speakers is receding in those languages. What is this known as in socio educational linguistics ?

• (a) Language death
• (b) Language minority in education
• (c) Language endangerment
• (d) Language revival

110. A teacher asks her learners to find words and word chunks relating to different themes based on the reading lesson. Learners in groups have to make word charts of the same category. What is this strategy known as ?

• (a) Thematic language teaching
• (b) Word collocations
• (c) Communicative language teaching
• (d) A writing project

111. A student reads through an article in a newspaper to get the overall idea of the article. What is this (practice) known as ?

• (a) Scanning
• (b) Skimming
• (c) Top-down model
• (d) Bottom-up model

112. Sight words are developed

• (a) by seeing them on sight.
• (b) by teachers from text books.
• (c) by using words in meaningful contexts
• (d) by knowing meanings of difficult words.

114. ‘Comprehensible input’ as proposed by Krashen (1985) is

• (a) enabling learners to comprehend ideas.
• (b) exposing learners to language somewhat above their level.
• (c) exposing learners to language below their level so that they can comprehend.
• (d) enabling learners to read in many languages.

115. Extensive reading is

• (a) reading in detail every word and idea for deep understanding.
• (b) reading for facts.
• (c) reading to write.
• (d) reading for pleasure and overall understanding of the text.

116. A teacher keeps the students’ work of language use and uses it for assessing the learners’ achievement. What is this strategy for assessment known as ?

• (a) Portfolio assessment
• (b) Diagnostic test
• (c) CCE
• (d) Summative assessment

117. A teacher brought real life objects like a hammer, a screw driver and so on to her class. She asked her learners to describe the objects in five to seven sentences. What are the materials in language teaching known as ?

• (a) Teaching implements
• (b) Tools
• (c) Language input
• (d) Realia

118. Mother tongue based multilingualism advocates that

• (a) all learners learn in mother tongue only in primary school.
• (b) learners begin their schooling in mother tongue and move on to add many (at least two) languages in school.
• (c) learners begin with their state language and more on to English medium.
• (d) learners learn their mother tongue, Hindi and English from Class-I.

119. Which of the following statements are true of teaching of grammar ? A. Teaching of rules at the initial stage does not lend much to language learning. B. Rules of grammar are essential during the formative years of language learning. C. Grammar teaching should move from meaning to form. D. Grammar teaching should move from form to meaning.

• (a) Statements B and D are true.
• (b) Statements C and B are true.
• (c) Statements A and C are true.
• (d) Statements A and D are true.

120. A teacher draws the attention of learners to individual sounds, words and then sentences while teaching the listening skill. What approach to listening does the teacher adopt ?

• (a) Top-down approach
• (b) Elastic approach
• (c) Communicative approach
• (d) Bottom-up approach

136. Continuous Assessment focuses on

• (a) Formal assessment
• (b) Informal assessment
• (c) Informal and a combination of both formative and summative
• (d) Outcome and achievement based assessment

137. ‘Pre-reading’ activity in class is to

• (a) connect learner’s previous knowledge with what she learns in the reading text.
• (b) connect learners’ with one another.
• (c) enable learners to know about the story which they would read ahead.
• (d) All of these

138. Pedagogical Grammar is

• (a) grammar of pedagogy
• (b) grammar for teachers
• (c) grammar in context to connect grammar points with real life context
• (d) grammar with formal rules to be applied while writing

139. What are these words known as ? – the, of, and, a, to, that, it, with, but, they, she, he

• (a) Sight words
• (b) Form words
• (c) Use words
• (d) Unimportant words

140. A teacher gives a puzzle to her class- VIII students and asks them to solve it by speaking out how they solve it. What is this strategy known as ?

• (a) Speaking aloud
• (b) Think aloud protocol
• (c) Listening
• (d) Picture reading

141. Sanskrit in India today is a

• (a) Modern Indian language
• (b) Modern Indian language and a classical language
• (c) Religious language
• (d) Hindu language

142. A teacher of Class-VII asked her students to read a short story and come to the class. She asks them to discuss the major points of the story in groups and present them to the whole class. What is this reading known as ?

• (a) Intensive reading
• (b) Reading with a purpose
• (c) Reading for thinking
• (d) Extensive reading

143. English does not find its place as a _________.

• (a) first language in the school curriculum
• (b) second language in the school curriculum
• (c) third language in the school curriculum
• (d) medium of instruction

144. Bottom-up processing in listening is to

• (a) decode messages moving from sounds to words, phrases, clauses and other grammatical elements to sentences.
• (b) decode the overall messages of the discourse and move down the micro level units.
• (c) encode all the sounds from speaker to listener.
• (d) use multiple ways to decode the messages.

145. What is the following strategy known as in reading ? The text is read more slowly and in detail to get the gist or overall sense of the text.

• (a) Scanning
• (b) Summarising
• (c) Skimming
• (d) Scaffolding

146. A teacher asks her learners of class-VII to refer to the textbook of History and find a theme which can be connected with English language text for writing an essay. What is this practice known as ?

• (a) Language and Social Science learning
• (b) Language across the curriculum
• (c) Language in learning
• (d) Language and history integrated learning

147. Multilingualism as a resource means

• (a) learning many languages in school.
• (b) using the languages of learners as a strategy in school.
• (c) teaching many languages.
• (d) promoting of languages through content learning.

149. A teacher divides her class into groups of five and allocates different themes to the groups. The groups have to collect information on the themes and write reports to be presented to the class. What is this activity known as ?

• (a) Assignment
• (b) Project work
• (c) Writing work
• (d) Research

150. Process approach to writing involves

• (a) Brainstorming, outlining, drafting revising, proof-reading and drafting the final writing.
• (b) Brainstorming, writing the first draft and final writing.
• (c) Outlining, revising and writing the final draft.
• (d) Writing the first draft, revising and developing the final draft.