CTET Paper II — 8 February 2026 (Set J) — Social Studies

1. Assertion (A) : If physical development of children is delayed then their social and emotional development gets affected. Reason (R) : There is developmental continuity in the course of children’s development. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

2. According to Jean Piaget, cognitive development :

• (a) is simple addition of new facts and ideas to the existing store of information.
• (b) is dependent upon the development of language capabilities.
• (c) is the process of acquiring the ability to use cultural tools.
• (d) is the process of adaption to the environment by changing one’s schemas.

3. Assertion (A) : Teachers should avoid collaborations, group work and interactions among students. Reason (R) : Learning is a passive process and occurs most effectively through memorization and imitation. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

4. Rapid increase in height and weight during adolescence that usually precedes sexual maturity is referred to as :

• (a) Growth spurt
• (b) Developmental trend
• (c) Menstruation
• (d) Pubescence

5. Assertion (A) : When talking about differences, expressions that put the person ahead of the difference should be used such as using ‘the student with disabilities’ rather than ‘the disabled student’. Reason (R) : The language we use when talking about learners with differing needs shapes the perspective and attitudes. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

6. Assertion (A) : Children in middle schools should be encouraged to write about their emotions on a daily/weekly basis and reflect upon them. Reason (R) : Understanding one’s emotions is a cognitive process that can lead to action. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

7. Which of the following is not an effective strategy in problem-solving ?

• (a) Recognizing patterns and relationships
• (b) Using logical reasoning to solve problems
• (c) Overlooking relevant information
• (d) Breaking down complex problems into simpler parts

8. According to Piaget when children reach the point of being able to generalize and engage in mental trial and error by thinking up hypothesis and testing them in their heads they are in :

• (a) Sensorimotor stage
• (b) Pre-operational stage
• (c) Concrete operational stage
• (d) Formal operational stage

9. Students learn efficiently and in meaningful ways when :

• (a) content is presented to them in the form of incoherent pieces of information.
• (b) focus is on avoiding failure instead of approaching mastery.
• (c) new concept is completely different from previously learned material.
• (d) their responses and subjective experiences are attended and valued.

10. According to Lawrence Kohlberg around which ethics do very young children’s moral reasoning revolve ?

• (a) Ethics of egocentricism
• (b) Ethics of care
• (c) Ethics of perspectives of others
• (d) Ethics of laws

11. Assertion (A) : Diversity and inclusion improve teaching and learning. Reason (R) : Engaging in conversations across differences hinders children’s ability to think critically and creatively. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

12. Which of the following are effective teaching strategies to cater to diverse needs of learners in a classroom ? (a) Differentiated Instruction (b) Standardized Curriculum (c) Individualized Education Plans

• (a) (a), (b)
• (b) (b), (c)
• (c) (a), (c)
• (d) (a), (b), (c)

13. According to constructivist theorists :

• (a) Children have a natural tendency to ‘make sense’ of the world.
• (b) Children learn only when extrinsically motivated.
• (c) Children learn best when information is presented to them in a final form.
• (d) Children have a tendency to behave in unruly ways that needs to be corrected.

14. Two commonly used strategies for effective problem-solving are :

• (a) Heuristics and algorithms
• (b) Heuristics and functional fixedness
• (c) Algorithms and response set
• (d) Heuristics and response set

15. A teacher is designing a lesson plan for a group of students with varying levels of understanding of a topic. According to Vygotsky’s theory, which of the following should the teacher consider when designing the lesson ?

• (a) The teacher should ask each student to work individually on the specified problem.
• (b) The teacher should provide all students with the same level of challenge.
• (c) The teacher should consider each student’s current level of understanding and provide appropriate support to help them to reach the next level.
• (d) The teacher should only focus on the students who are already at an advanced level of understanding and provide them with more challenging work.

16. Characteristics such as ‘lacking reading fluency’, ‘reversion of words’, ‘tendency towards distraction’ are typical identifying characteristics of :

• (a) Dyslexia
• (b) Autism Spectrum Disorder
• (c) Dementia
• (d) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

17. Students feel more motivated to learn in an environment which ensures : (a) Belongingness (b) Fear (c) Rejection (d) Safety

• (a) (a), (b)
• (b) (a), (d)
• (c) (b), (c)
• (d) (b), (d)

18. Moving from conservative education towards progressive education requires shift from __________.

• (a) formative evaluation to diagnostic evaluation
• (b) integrated curriculum to standardized curriculum
• (c) performance-oriented goals to mastery-oriented goals
• (d) teacher-centered pedagogy to exam-centered pedagogy

19. When learning new information, which of the following is a helpful strategy for children to use to ensure they understand the content material ? (a) Rereading the information once (b) Asking questions and seeking clarification (c) Pretending to understand (d) Making up their own meanings for unfamiliar terms

• (a) (a), (b)
• (b) (a), (c)
• (c) (c), (d)
• (d) (a), (b), (c)

20. A teacher should create a classroom culture where students’ motivation to learn is primarily focused to :

• (a) avoid shame of appearing ignorant.
• (b) compete with each other.
• (c) understand and appreciate the process of learning.
• (d) prove their worth to others.

21. Assertion (A) : Male characters in stories and books are often presented as strong and adventurous while female characters are shown as warm and sensitive. Reason (R) : Schools and curriculum influence gender-role identity as they are powerful agents of secondary socialization. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

22. Assertion (A) : Children who are struggling with dyslexia have trouble in phonological processing that makes it hard to decode words. Reason (R) : All children benefit from being encouraged in their areas of interest and ability. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

23. What is the role of peers in the socialization process ?

• (a) Peers have no major influence on socialization.
• (b) Peers have a minor influence on socialization compared to parents and other adults in all stages of development.
• (c) Peers are the primary agents of socialization for children.
• (d) Peers have a greater influence on socialization during adolescence than during early childhood.

24. Which of the following statements about learning is not correct ?

• (a) Learners construct knowledge that makes sense to them.
• (b) New learning depends on current understanding.
• (c) Social interaction hinders learning.
• (d) The most meaningful learning occurs within real-world tasks.

25. As per constructivist approaches of learning, learning is facilitated when :

• (a) Activities are interactive and collaborative.
• (b) Content is disconnected and eccentric.
• (c) Pedagogy is teacher-centric and culturally indifferent.
• (d) Tasks are incoherent and disorderly.

26. Assertion (A) : Though height and body build are primarily inherited characteristics, good nutrition and exercise also make a difference. Reason (R) : Heredity and environment interact in their effects on development. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are false.

27. In an inclusive classroom, adaptations should be made in : (a) Learning goals (b) Teaching-learning strategies (c) Provisioning of support (d) Assessment

• (a) (a), (b), (d)
• (b) (a), (c), (d)
• (c) (b), (c), (d)
• (d) (a), (b), (c), (d)

28. Which of the following does not come under the category of sensory impairments ?

• (a) colour blindness
• (b) dysgraphia
• (c) hard of hearing
• (d) partial loss of vision

29. National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasizes on transforming assessment by :

• (a) devaluing socio-cultural context of students
• (b) executing summative form of assessment
• (c) incorporating self-assessment and peer-assessment
• (d) practicing unitary notion of intelligence

30. Following Lev Vygotsky’s ideas, a teacher decided to give hints and cues to the students who were stuck on a given problem and let the students try to solve that problem again. By doing so, teacher is practicing the concept of __________.

• (a) Assimilation
• (b) Collective monologue
• (c) Functional Fixedness
• (d) Scaffolding

31. The cultural unity and diversity of the present time could be applied to which of the following historical facts related to Hampi ? (a) Hampi temples were the hub of cultural activities. (b) Devadasis (temple dancers) performed before the deity, royalty, but NOT before the masses. (c) The Mahanavami festival, known today as Navaratri in the south, was one of the most important festivals celebrated at Hampi.

• (a) (a) and (b)
• (b) (b) and (c)
• (c) (a) and (c)
• (d) (a) only

32. Consider the following Assertion and Reasons to choose the appropriate option : Assertion : There was a huge demand for Indigo in the European Market in 17th and 18th Centuries. Reason 1 : By the 17th Century, European cloth producers persuaded their governments to relax the ban on indigo import. Reason 2 : By the end of the 17th Century Britain began to industrialise.

• (a) Assertion and Reason 1 are correct.
• (b) Assertion and Reason 2 are correct.
• (c) Assertion and both the Reasons are correct.
• (d) Assertion is wrong, Reasons on their own are right.

33. Water scarcity is caused by the following given factors : (a) Water Harvesting (b) Variation in Rainfall (c) Contamination of water (d) Over exploitation

• (a) (b), (c), (d)
• (b) (a), (b), (d)
• (c) (a), (b), (c)
• (d) (a), (c), (d)

34. Tamil Epic Manimekalai was composed by :

• (a) Ilango
• (b) Sattanar
• (c) Kalidas
• (d) Madhavi

36. Match the following pairs : Crop Climate (a) Coffee (i) high temperature, heavy rainfall (b) Jute (ii) cool climate (c) Tea (iii) moderate temperature and rainfall (d) Wheat (iv) warm and wet climate Choices : (a) (b) (c) (d)

• (a) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
• (b) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
• (c) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
• (d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

37. ‘The farmer in USA works like a businessman’. Justify the statement. Choose the correct reasons : (a) Use of Tractors, harvesters (b) Farm size is small (c) Automated Grain storage (d) Use of chemical fertilizers

• (a) (a), (b), (c)
• (b) (b), (c), (d)
• (c) (a), (b), (d)
• (d) (a), (c), (d)

38. ‘Rampurva Bull’, a finely polished stone sculpture of Mauryan period has been found from :

• (a) Madhya Pradesh
• (b) Uttar Pradesh
• (c) Bihar
• (d) Jharkhand

39. Which one of the following is NOT a permanent wind ? Choose the correct answer :

• (a) Trade Winds
• (b) Monsoons
• (c) Westerlies
• (d) Easterlies

40. Analyze the following historical claims with reference to the relation between Tribes, Nomads and settled communities. Choose the appropriate option. (a) Varna based society did not interact with the tribal people at all. The rigidity was due to caste system. (b) There were tribes that rejected both the caste system and orthodox Hinduism. (c) Some tribes established extensive states with well organised systems of administration. (d) Political power brought them in conflict with larger Kingdoms.

• (a) (a), (b) and (c) are valid.
• (b) (b), (c) and (d) are valid.
• (c) (c), (d) and (a) are valid.
• (d) (d), (a) and (b) are valid.

41. In reference to Panchayati Raj, which of the following sequence is in correct hierarchical order ?

• (a) Panchayat Samiti - Gram Panchayat - Gram Sabha - Zila Parishad
• (b) Gram Sabha - Panchayat Samiti - Gram Panchayat - Zila Parishad
• (c) Gram Panchayat - Panchayat Samiti - Gram Sabha - Zila Parishad
• (d) Gram Sabha - Gram Panchayat - Panchayat Samiti - Zila Parishad

42. Celestial bodies in our solar system having their own heat and light are :

• (a) Planets
• (b) Satellites
• (c) Meteoroids
• (d) Stars

43. “The progress of any nation is dependent upon the unity of different social and political groups. Political parties should be mindful of this unity during the competitive electoral politics.” Which of the following major development/s within the national movement attest the above mentioned assertion ? (a) During the Rowlatt Satyagraha, the participants tried to ensure that Hindus and Muslims were united in the fight against British rule. (b) From the late 1930s, the League began viewing the Muslims as a separate “nation” from the Hindus. (c) The Congress’s rejection of the League’s desire to form a joint Congress - League government in the United Provinces in 1937.

• (a) (a) and (b)
• (b) (b) and (c)
• (c) (c) and (a)
• (d) (c) only

44. Which means of communication has the most important role in making world a large global society ?

• (a) Mass Media
• (b) Messages through Pigeons
• (c) Satellite communication
• (d) Postal services

45. The Satnami movement in Central India was founded by :

• (a) Haridas Thakur
• (b) Shri Narayan Guru
• (c) Ghasidas
• (d) Jyotirao Phule

46. Biotic and Abiotic conditions existing on the earth form : (Choose the appropriate category) :

• (a) Natural Environment
• (b) Environment Management
• (c) Human Made Environment
• (d) Human Environment

47. Which of the following is not an example of discrimination ?

• (a) Preventing a group of people from taking water from a common well
• (b) Not allowing a group of people to drink tea in same cups as others
• (c) Stopping someone from living in certain nighbourhood
• (d) Asking a boy not to cry as boys don’t cry

48. Assertion : ‘The process of India becoming a nation was a long drawn one. Emergence of political consciousness and the resulting political associations take time. India did not one day wake up to independence in 1947’. Choose the appropriate evidence as reason. (a) The consciousness of British control over the resources of India began to be clearly stated by political association formed after 1850. (b) The political associations worked with the idea that the people should be sovereign. (c) Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, Madras Mahajan Sabha functioned in specific parts of the country and catered to the specific region, community and class. (d) The Ilbert Bill controversy deepened the desire for an all India organisation of educated Indians.

• (a) (a) and (b) only
• (b) (c) and (d) only
• (c) (a), (b) and (c) only
• (d) (a), (b) and (d) only

49. Sufficient Rainfall on the earth surface is very important for following reasons : (a) Survival of plants and animals. (b) Brings fresh water to the Earth’s surface. (c) It brings droughts. (d) Most of the ground water comes from rainfall. Choices :

• (a) (a), (b), (d) are correct.
• (b) (a), (b), (c) are correct.
• (c) (b), (c), (d) are correct.
• (d) (a), (c), (d) are correct.

50. Which of the following places in India is known as ‘Little Tibet’ ?

• (a) Bodhgaya
• (b) Ladakh
• (c) Arunachal Pradesh
• (d) Dharmshala

51. In the following, how many have been matched incorrectly ? (a) Kol rebellion - 1831-32 (b) Santhal revolt - 1855 (c) Bastar rebellion - 1920 (d) Warli revolt - 1939

• (a) Only one of the above
• (b) Only two of the above
• (c) Only three of the above
• (d) None of the above

52. Why is the globe considered as true model of the Earth ? Choose the most appropriate statement :

• (a) It is fixed.
• (b) Countries, continents and oceans are shown in correct size.
• (c) It is spherical in shape.
• (d) It is ball like.

53. In the context of Masulipatnam, which had contacts with distant lands for trade, choose the appropriate options : (a) In the 17th Century, both the Dutch and English East India Companies attempted to control Masulipatnam as it became the most important port on the Andhra Coast. (b) Dutch were people from distant lands of Denmark and Spain. (c) The competition between trading groups such as the Golconda nobler, Persian merchants, Telugu Komati Chettis and European traders made the city prosperous. (d) Mir Jumla, the Mughal governor began to play off the Dutch and the English against each other.

• (a) (a), (b) only
• (b) (c), (d) only
• (c) (a), (b), (c) only
• (d) (c), (d), (a) only

54. In which year did James Mill publish his three volumes book titled “A History of British India” ?

• (a) 1815
• (b) 1816
• (c) 1817
• (d) 1818

55. (A) : Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. (R) : It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil. Choose the correct option of the following :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) explains (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) does not explain (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

56. Consider the following statements of Bengal temple - building and choose the appropriate option : (a) Temples were built to demonstrate piety. (b) Temples were built to demonstrate power. (c) Temples began to copy the double-roofed structure of the thatched huts. (d) Temples began to copy the four-roofed structure of the thatched huts.

• (a) Only (a), (b) and (c) are appropriate.
• (b) Only (b), (c) and (d) are appropriate.
• (c) Only (c), (d) and (a) are appropriate.
• (d) All (a), (b), (c) and (d) are appropriate.

57. How much longitudinal extent does one Time Zone of Earth of one Hour each cover ?

• (a) 458
• (b) 308
• (c) 158
• (d) 608

58. A river makes waterfalls while flowing in the mountains. Select the two main reasons for the waterfalls : (a) River moves in between trees. (b) River flows over very hard rocks. (c) River moves over soft rocks. (d) River flows down a steep valley. Choices :

• (a) (a) and (c) are correct.
• (b) (b) and (d) are correct.
• (c) (a) and (d) are correct.
• (d) (b) and (c) are correct.

59. The first cotton mill in India was set up as a spinning mill in Bombay in the year :

• (a) 1852
• (b) 1853
• (c) 1854
• (d) 1855

60. Dispel the misconceptions to arrive at appropriate conclusions with regard to changes in the colonial agrarian policies. (a) As Diwan, the Company became the chief administrator of the territory under its control. (b) After 1765 Company had to think of administering the land and organising its revenue resources. (c) Before 1765, the Company purchased goods in India by importing huge quantities of grain from Britain. (d) After 1765, the revenue collected in Bengal could finance the purchase of goods for export.

• (a) (a), (b) only
• (b) (b), (c) only
• (c) (a), (d) only
• (d) (b), (d) only

61. Which of the following are institutional sources of debts in rural India ? (a) Moneylenders (b) Cooperatives (c) Government Banks (d) Landlords Options :

• (a) Only (a) and (c)
• (b) Only (b) and (c)
• (c) Only (a) and (d)
• (d) Only (a), (b) and (d)

62. Which of the following are examples of intervention in religion by state as laid out in the Indian Constitution ? (a) Abolition of untouchability (b) Prohibition of child labour (c) Ban on child marriage (d) Laying out Vishakha guidelines Options :

• (a) Only (a) and (b)
• (b) Only (b) and (c)
• (c) Only (a) and (c)
• (d) Only (b) and (d)

63. Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options : Statement I : Fieldwork, project work and group activities should form the basis of teaching- learning in Social Sciences. Statement II : Projects having direct link with the local community may be encouraged to develop curiosity in Social Sciences teaching-learning.

• (a) Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.
• (b) Both the Statement I and Statement II are false.
• (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
• (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

64. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Statement (A) : The work done by the public works department of the government do not need the approval of the members of the legislative assembly. Statement (B) : People elect the members of the legislative assembly as their representatives. Options :

• (a) (A) is true, (B) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, (B) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are true and (B) is the reason for (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are true, but (B) is not the reason for (A).

65. As a teacher of Social Science, which of the following will you be careful about while discussing issues like gender discrimination and caste discrimination ? (a) Encouraging speaking up in the class. (b) Making students learn to listen to the others. (c) Non-acceptance of conflicts in the classroom. (d) Developing an atmosphere of trust in the classroom.

• (a) (a), (b), (c)
• (b) (b), (c), (d)
• (c) (a), (c), (d)
• (d) (a), (b), (d)

66. Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options : Statement I : In school, summative assessment has more visibility. Statement II : Summative assessment checks the learning outcomes at the end of a grade or unit or a term.

• (a) Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.
• (b) Both the Statement I and Statement II are false.
• (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
• (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

67. Consider the following in-text question “Fill in the blank” given in the chapter on urban administration : In a Municipal Corporation, the elected members are called __________. Which of the following abilities/skills is being tested here ?

• (a) Summarizing
• (b) Classification
• (c) Explanation
• (d) Remembering

68. ‘Boys are into sports whereas girls are into arts and crafts’. What does this statement reflect ?

• (a) Tradition
• (b) Prejudices
• (c) Stereotypes
• (d) Difference

69. An important element in the Social Science classroom is the acknowledgement of India’s diversity. Which of the following traits should you develop as a Social Science teacher and also consciously inculcate in students so that this diversity is truly appreciated ? (a) Reciting slogans about unity (b) Being sensitive and respectful while talking about cultures which are different from one’s own (c) Constantly reflecting on one’s prejudices which might arise from one’s social location in society Choose the most appropriate option :

• (a) Only (a)
• (b) Only (a) and (b)
• (c) Only (a) and (c)
• (d) Only (b) and (c)

70. Which of the following purpose Indian Constitution does not serve to ?

• (a) Delineate the ideals a country should uphold
• (b) Keep itself static so that the structures in the society remain unchanged
• (c) Coordination among different communities to live together
• (d) Give rights to the citizens against individuals and communities

71. Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options : Statement I : Assessment is made continuously in educational settings. Statement II : Assessment is a process that involves doing a number of things at different times.

• (a) Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.
• (b) Both the Statement I and Statement II are false.
• (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
• (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

72. Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options. Assertion (A) : Like other subjects, in Social Science also learners need to be actively engaged in order to construct their own knowledge. Reason (R) : Active engagement refers to engagement of body and mind.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

73. Below are two statements. Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options : Statement I : Political Science suggests dynamism that engages with processes that produces structures of domination and their contestations by social forces. Statement II : Political Science imagines civil society as the sphere where more informed, receptive and responsible citizens could be produced.

• (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
• (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
• (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
• (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

74. If you want to introduce your students about the difference between the Buddha statues made in Mathura (Mathura style) and Takshashila (Gandhara style), the most appropriate method would be :

• (a) Discussion based on the picture given in the textbook
• (b) Taking a trip to the National Museum
• (c) Showing a PowerPoint Presentation based on above mentioned styles
• (d) Interview with an Architect

75. Which of the following provisions does not promote social justice ?

• (a) Special schemes for girls in government schools
• (b) Special police stations
• (c) Equal pay for equal work
• (d) Prohibition on human trafficking

76. Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options. Assertion (A) : In India, studying Social Science is associated more with girls than boys. Reason (R) : This type of approach to Social Sciences is indicative of a ‘patriarchal and gender biased’ society.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

77. Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options. Assertion (A) : A test is a form of assessment. Reason (R) : It answers the question, either in comparison with others or in comparison with a domain of performance task.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

78. While teaching your class about the government’s responsibility of providing healthcare, you decide to conduct a debate between two groups of students on whether the healthcare system in the country is functioning properly or not. Which of the following is not a desirable goal of organizing a classroom debate ?

• (a) Enhancing student involvement and participation in class.
• (b) Training students to make use of supporting evidence for their claims.
• (c) Improving students’ abilities to see an issue from different perspectives.
• (d) Teaching students to become competitive and win at any cost.

79. Which of the following methods may be used for improving the national standards of Social Science education to meet the challenges of global competition ? (a) Identifying learning outcomes. (b) Developing innovative and improved evaluation tools. (c) Designing centralized, standardized and singular courses. (d) Developing audio-visual and multimedia based interactive study material.

• (a) (a), (b), (c)
• (b) (b), (c), (d)
• (c) (a), (c), (d)
• (d) (a), (b), (d)

80. Which of the following is/are correct in the context of testing ? (a) It is carried out on skills related to a particular subject. (b) It is usually done by posing a set of questions in a uniform manner. (c) It is an unsystematic procedure for measuring the students’ understanding of a particular content or subject.

• (a) Only (a)
• (b) Only (c)
• (c) Only (a) and (b)
• (d) Only (b) and (c)

81. Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options : Statement I : Social (Studies) Science became part of the official curriculum in modern India only with the Basic Education programme of Gandhiji. Statement II : The Secondary Education Commission provided the official recognition to the subject Social (Studies) Science at an all India level.

• (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
• (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
• (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
• (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

82. Democracy or equity should be taught :

• (a) only by covering these as knowledge areas.
• (b) only by make these as part of classroom process.
• (c) by covering these as knowledge areas but not by make these as part of classroom process.
• (d) by covering these as knowledge areas as well as part of classroom process.

83. Which of the following statements on markets are true ? (a) In weekly markets, things are available in cheaper rates because the shop owners purchase directly from the producers. (b) Phone and internet shopping have caused losses to the neighbourhood shops. (c) The goods sold in permanent shops are often costly because the shop owners have to bear the expenditure of rent, electricity, government fees etc. Options :

• (a) Only (a) and (b)
• (b) Only (b) and (c)
• (c) Only (a) and (c)
• (d) (a), (b) and (c)

84. Which of the following actions would not be helpful in addressing the marginalisation of certain community ?

• (a) Social movement
• (b) Government policy
• (c) Mainstreamization
• (d) Protecting cultural diversity

85. Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options. Assertion (A) : Conventional Social Science teaching emphasizes learning about societies and times without reference to the child’s actual lived experiences. Reason (R) : Converting sets of ‘Social Science facts’ into processes of social inquiry has been a major strength of the texts (based on NCF - 2005).

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
• (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

86. Which of the following is true in context of representative democracy in India ?

• (a) People exercising franchise
• (b) Direct participation of people
• (c) Indirect participation of the representatives
• (d) Dual citizenship

87. Which of the following will help in developing better teaching learning environment in Social Science classrooms ? (a) Development of reference libraries. (b) Creation of flexible school timings. (c) Accessibility to disseminative technologies only. (d) Development of study material in regional languages.

• (a) (a), (b), (c)
• (b) (b), (c), (d)
• (c) (a), (c), (d)
• (d) (a), (b), (d)

88. Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options : Statement I : It would be easy to promote equity and democracy through a classroom where teachers do not allow children to ask question. Statement II : It would be difficult to promote equity and democracy through a classroom where varying opinions are encouraged to be voiced and debated.

• (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
• (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
• (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
• (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

89. It is important to share examples of ‘plurality of people’ in a community in the Social Science textbooks because :

• (a) it ensures oversimplification of community.
• (b) it ensures labelling of community.
• (c) it facilitates in judging the community.
• (d) it facilitates in generating portrayals of local community.

90. Which of the following feature of the Indian Constitution does not allow the legislature and the executive to interfere in the work of the judiciary ?

• (a) Right to freedom
• (b) Right against exploitation
• (c) Federalism
• (d) Separation of powers

92. How does the brown pelican catch the fish ?

• (a) By diving on the fish from above.
• (b) By storing the fish in their pouch.
• (c) By beating their wings.
• (d) By cornering the fish into low waters.

93. Pelicans beat their wings over water also to __________.

• (a) dive on the fish
• (b) push the fish towards the shallow water
• (c) help their short legs
• (d) swallow the fish

94. Pelicans usually live __________.

• (a) near cities
• (b) in North America
• (c) water bodies
• (d) in colonies

96. Which one of the following words is most similar in meaning to the word, ‘splendid’ ?

• (a) huge
• (b) high
• (c) magnificent
• (d) ordinary

97. Pelicans webbed feet make them __________.

• (a) have their toes tied.
• (b) look awkward on land.
• (c) powerful swimmers.
• (d) look large with short legs.

98. Which one of the following words is most opposite in meaning to the word, ‘retrieve’ ?

• (a) recover
• (b) rectify
• (c) remedy
• (d) abandon

99. Study the following statements : (A) The baby pelicans pick their food from their parents’ pouches. (B) The fish are kept in the pouches and eaten when the pelican feel hungry.

• (a) (A) is right and (B) is wrong.
• (b) (B) is right and (A) is wrong.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are right.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are wrong.

100. ‘A butterfly unfolding its drinking straws’. Which figure of speech is used in the above line ?

• (a) alliteration
• (b) simile
• (c) metaphor
• (d) imagery

101. Which surprises do the meadows not hold for us ?

• (a) softness of the grass
• (b) soft murmur of the stream
• (c) hopping of a frog out of the brook
• (d) a butterfly feeding on nectar

102. According to the poem, which of the following kind of house is NOT found in the meadows ?

• (a) burrows
• (b) ant’s mound
• (c) nest
• (d) stable

103. What does the poet mean by velvet grass ?

• (a) the carpet of velvet
• (b) grass shining like velvet
• (c) grass as soft as velvet
• (d) grass made of velvet thread

104. Study the following statements : (A) The rabbit is hiding in a burrow. (B) The buttercup is tempting a butterfly.

• (a) (A) is right and (B) is wrong.
• (b) (B) is right and (A) is wrong.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are right.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are wrong.

105. How will you find a rabbit ?

• (a) When he is in his burrow
• (b) When he is sitting still
• (c) When he hops
• (d) When he is sleeping

106. Which one of the following does not come under institutional writing ?

• (a) Notes of Condolence
• (b) Business letter
• (c) Curriculum Vitae
• (d) Reviews

107. What is the innateness hypothesis in language acquisition and language learning ?

• (a) It rejects the idea that all languages have grammars and all children learn them in their own way.
• (b) It believes that all human beings can learn languages through physical drilling and conditioning.
• (c) It believes that all human beings possess language knowledge at birth.
• (d) It believes that language is learned as a result of habit formation.

108. What does ‘content-oriented language inputs’ refer to ?

• (a) language input, which focuses on how language is used
• (b) presentation of the inputs and its processes
• (c) language inputs that focus on information
• (d) vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, etc.

109. Which approach to language teaching advocates words and word chunks as the foundation for language learning ?

• (a) Task based language learning
• (b) Communicative approach
• (c) Lexical approach
• (d) Grammar translation method

110. Which of the following is NOT the aim of multilingualism in school education ?

• (a) Making use of the languages of learners for teaching-learning in school.
• (b) Learning of the mother tongue as a language and as medium of learning, as far as possible.
• (c) Learning of mother tongue, Hindi and English under three language formula.
• (d) All children begin their schooling with their mother tongue and move on to add many (at least two more) languages.

111. Vani is reading an article in order to get a general overview of the text. What is her reading known as ?

• (a) Drawing Inference
• (b) Scanning
• (c) Skimming
• (d) Critical reading

112. Select two appropriate readings to promote school-based assessment. (a) It helps in the promotion of autonomy among both learners and teachers. (b) It gives scope for the school to plan on their own. (c) It takes away the examination board’s power. (d) It does not involve learner as an active participant in the processes of planning the assessment.

• (a) (a) and (b)
• (b) (b) and (c)
• (c) (c) and (d)
• (d) (d) and (a)

113. Which educational philosophy advocates the following ? Learning environment such as real-world settings or case-based learning are used instead of predetermined sequences of instruction.

• (a) Nativism
• (b) Constructivism
• (c) Audiolingualism
• (d) Cognitivism

114. Rahul, a learner of class VI while learning the new grammatical form is able to connect what he has already learned. Which of the following strategies comes from this ?

• (a) Heuristic strategies
• (b) Cognitive strategies
• (c) Metacognitive strategies
• (d) Both cognitive and metacognitive strategies

115. A teacher of class VII reads out the short text of seven sentences. Then she asks her learners to listen to it carefully and recreate the text nearer to it, not exactly the same text. What is this strategy known as ?

• (a) Schema creation
• (b) Top-down strategy
• (c) Bottom-up strategy
• (d) Paragraph dictation

116. Which of the following is true in terms of the objectives of Learning Outcomes ? (a) promote competency-based learning rather than content focused learning. (b) enable learners to master the language skills necessary to become creative users of language. (c) master the content and be able to apply it later. (d) enable learners to learn to use language for specific purposes.

• (a) (c) alone is true
• (b) (b) and (c) are true
• (c) (d) and (c) are true
• (d) (a) and (d) are true

117. Which of the following statements best describes ‘procedural knowledge’ in the context of learning grammar ?

• (a) knowing about the form.
• (b) knowing what a grammatical form is and using it.
• (c) learning the rules of grammar and reproduce it later.
• (d) Understanding how a grammatical form works from a grammar book.

118. Mrs. Usha Rani, a teacher of English at the Government High School, supports her learners to speak the English language by making them use the language for day-to-day purposes and by teaching them formulaic usages. What does she attempt to develop in her learner ?

• (a) Communication Skills
• (b) Interpersonal Skills
• (c) Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency
• (d) Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills

119. A teacher collects a particular pattern of errors of learners of class VII and discusses them once a month to make her learners aware of their errors. She does not reveal who committed those errors. She also asks her learners to reflect on their errors. What is this practice known as ?

• (a) Study and engagement with grammar
• (b) Teaching grammar
• (c) Providing feedback
• (d) Error analysis

120. Words that we recognise when we hear or see them are known as :

• (a) Lexis
• (b) Productive vocabulary
• (c) Receptive vocabulary
• (d) Engaging vocabulary

122. Which of the following is NOT a motive for people to draw to vegetarianism ?

• (a) They want to live longer, healthier lives.
• (b) They want to preserve earth’s natural resources.
• (c) They oppose eating animals because of their love for them.
• (d) They find vegetarian food cheaper than non-vegetarian food.

123. The implicit message that vegetarianism spreads is __________.

• (a) healthier lifestyle
• (b) reduction in pollution
• (c) natural way of life
• (d) universal love and non-violence

124. Vegetarianism is not as popular as it should be because __________.

• (a) it promotes natural way of life
• (b) it helps the animal kingdom co-exist with man
• (c) it is an inward looking habit and is best cultivated in the mind
• (d) we want to preserve earth’s natural resources

125. Which one of the following words is most similar in meaning to the word ‘cultivated’ ?

• (a) loved
• (b) attracted
• (c) developed
• (d) liked

126. Which one of the following words is opposite in meaning to the word, ‘tasteless’ as used in the passage ?

• (a) infinite
• (b) seasoned
• (c) taste
• (d) palatable

128. Read the following statements and state which of the options given below is correct. (A) Vegetarianism promotes longer and healthier lives and helps to preserve earth’s natural resources. (B) Vegetarianism has not become very popular because it does not help in prevention or treatment of heart diseases.

• (a) Only (A) is correct.
• (b) Only (B) is correct.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are correct.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are incorrect.

129. What did the young woman who was hearing the complaints do ?

• (a) She became very angry.
• (b) She kept her cool.
• (c) She became sad.
• (d) She became impatient.

130. Study the following statements : (A) Lack of self-control makes people grief stricken. (B) Harmonious negotiation with other people is required for self-control.

• (a) Only (A) is correct.
• (b) Only (B) is correct.
• (c) Both (A) and (B) are correct.
• (d) Both (A) and (B) are incorrect.

131. What every successful person must have ?

• (a) Money
• (b) Prestige
• (c) Self-control
• (d) Good environment

132. Which one of the following words is most similar in meaning to the phrase ‘liquid getting thick’ as used in the passage ?

• (a) coagulate
• (b) triggered
• (c) savage
• (d) contained

133. Harmonious negotiation is needed for __________.

• (a) success in life
• (b) self-control
• (c) negative emotions
• (d) protection of young human race

135. Which one of the following words is opposite in meaning to the word ‘pleasure’ ?

• (a) loss
• (b) anger
• (c) grief
• (d) damage

136. A teacher gives the following assignment to her students of class VIII. What type of writing would this be described as ? In pairs, brainstorm, jot down ideas and develop them into a good write-up giving two arguments in favour and two against the topic, Students do not need to have printed books any more.

• (a) Personal writing
• (b) Expository writing
• (c) Discursive writing
• (d) Descriptive writing

137. Which of the following is true of the innateness hypothesis of language acquisition and language learning ?

• (a) Efforts of the parents, peers and those near to the child as well as the environment are responsible for language acquisition.
• (b) Language is unique only to humans and only human who can speak a language.
• (c) Language faculty present in children makes them conceive language through intense practice and drilling.
• (d) Language faculty present in children is responsible for the production and acquisition of language in children.

138. Which one of the following are bottom-up listening activities ?

• (a) Dictation, cloze listening, use of multiple-choice questions, identifying positive and negative statements.
• (b) Summarising, listening to the whole message and applying the background knowledge.
• (c) Rearranging the jumbled words into sentences as one listens.
• (d) Recitation of poetry, extempore speech, debate and discussions.

139. What does ‘Pedagogical realization of materials’ mean in language teaching ?

• (a) Embedding activities and tasks to promote language pedagogy.
• (b) Embedding the pedagogy into the materials to enable the teacher to adopt the pedagogy.
• (c) Enabling the teacher to understand the pedagogy in her classroom.
• (d) To lists the various pedagogical strategies for classroom use.

140. ‘All learners in school begin their education in the mother tongue and move on to add many more languages as they move forward in school.’ What is this known as in language-in-education policy ?

• (a) Culture specific language-in-education policy
• (b) Three language formula for school education
• (c) Mother as base for language education
• (d) Mother tongue-based multilingualism

141. Sandhya reads an article on machine learning to find some information. What is her reading known as ?

• (a) Glancing
• (b) Reviewing
• (c) Skimming
• (d) Scanning

142. What is the following task known as ? A piece of small text is made into two different chunks or every alternate sentence is given to a pair and each learner dictates to the other and the other writes. This process is reversed to make the other person listen and write and they can later work together to finalise the whole text.

• (a) Transcreation
• (b) Paragraph dictation
• (c) Mutual dictation
• (d) Grammar dictation

143. ‘Learning is a search for meaning. Therefore, learning must start with the issues around which learners are actively trying to make meaning.’ Which educational philosophy advocates the above idea ?

• (a) Behaviourism
• (b) Constructivism
• (c) Multiple Intelligence
• (d) Structuralism

144. What do ‘form oriented language inputs’ refer to ?

• (a) Meaning of the inputs for learning the language
• (b) Use of vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar
• (c) Inputs which focus on information
• (d) The potential of the input for learning to write

145. Which of the following is ‘assessment for learning’ ?

• (a) Assessments designed to monitor and improve students’ progress during the teaching-learning process.
• (b) Assessments designed to know students’ progress at the end of the year and for consideration to promote them.
• (c) Assessment by the state to diagnose the achievement of learners at a particular stage.
• (d) Assessment designed to monitor students’ progress at the end of each term.

146. What is productive vocabulary ?

• (a) Words that we use in writing and speaking.
• (b) Words that we recognize as we hear.
• (c) Words that we fail to recognize.
• (d) Words that we may recall sometimes while listening.

147. Which one of the following statements would you NOT endorse for the teaching-learning of poetry ?

• (a) Poetry is for exercising the imagination of learners.
• (b) Poetry is for working with language.
• (c) Poetry is for pleasure.
• (d) Poetry is for teaching grammar.

148. The language used in the classroom in the various content areas as the teacher presents and interact with students. What is this language skill known as ?

• (a) Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
• (b) Language for real-life purposes
• (c) Language register
• (d) Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency

149. Which type of grammatical knowledge does the following statement mean ? Knowledge about the form, describing it and applying it in limited practice.

• (a) Competence
• (b) Metacognitive knowledge
• (c) Procedural knowledge
• (d) Declarative knowledge

150. What does the following task involve ? Learners are given a hotel menu and they have to order food for four people for an amount of Rs. 1800/-. One is a vegetarian, and other one is allergic to mushrooms. They have to keep Rs. 70 for auto rickshaw to go back hostel. Learners are speaking about what they will order, their preferences, and keeping the money to get back to the hostel.

• (a) Higher order thinking skills
• (b) Study-Engage-Reflect-Use (language)
• (c) Cognitive strategies
• (d) Present-Practice-Produce (language)