CTET Paper II — 20 August 2023 (Set E) — Social Studies

1. Which of the following questions promotes critical and creative thinking in children ?

• (a) Which can be the best way to save water and why ?
• (b) Where does water come from in your city ?
• (c) How many states and how many capitals are there in your country ?
• (d) What is the name of your country and its geographical location on the map ?

2. What is the role of evidence in critical thinking ?

• (a) Evidence should be evaluated in a logical and systematic way.
• (b) Evidence should be accepted without analysis.
• (c) Evidence is irrelevant to critical thinking.
• (d) Evidence should be ignored in favour of personal opinion.

3. What does inclusive education entail ?

• (a) Standard curriculum for all learners
• (b) Segregation and categorisation of students on the basis of their abilities
• (c) Provisioning of only vocational education to learners with special needs
• (d) Flexibility in the curriculum as a result of recognition of individual differences

4. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky differ in their perspective on the influence of language on cognitive development in children. Reason (R) : In discovery learning, teacher provides opportunities and students derive information for themselves.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

5. Which of the following set correctly mentions the characteristics on which students who are gifted typically differ from other students in the class ? A. Advanced depth of understanding B. Fast pace of learning C. Higher dependence on others for understanding D. Rapid physical development Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, B and C
• (b) B and C
• (c) B, C and D
• (d) A and B

6. Which of the following statements is correct in the context of hearing impairment ?

• (a) Hearing impairment can affect a child’s ability to communicate effectively.
• (b) All children with hearing impairment need to use ‘sign language’ to communicate.
• (c) Hearing impairment of a child can be reliably tested by making loud noises near the child.
• (d) Hearing impairment is always due to a physical problem with the ear.

7. In the context of inclusion, curriculum learning expectations are the same in ______ , while in ________, they are different.

• (a) enrichment; acceleration
• (b) modification; accommodation
• (c) acceleration; enrichment
• (d) accommodation; modification

8. According to constructivist theorists, which of the following statements would not be correct ?

• (a) Knowledge is subjective.
• (b) Learners construct knowledge in their social and cultural context.
• (c) Learners need to be extrinsically motivated to ensure effective learning.
• (d) Knowledge is pluralistic and multiple.

9. Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation ?

• (a) Completing the project to impress the teacher
• (b) Playing a musical instrument for personal enjoyment
• (c) Studying to avoid being scolded
• (d) Participating in a competition for the prize money

10. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Teachers should work hard to break down students’ stereotypes of particular ethnic groups. Reason (R) : A key educational objective is to enable students to engage in critical self-reflection.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

11. What is the difference between mastery goals and performance goals ?

• (a) Mastery goals are focused on avoiding failure, while performance goals are focused on gaining approval and recognition from others.
• (b) Mastery goals are focused on improving one’s own skills and understanding of a task, while performance goals are focused on achieving a high grade or receiving external rewards.
• (c) Mastery goals are focused on gaining approval from others, while performance goals are focused on avoiding failure.
• (d) Mastery goals are focused on achieving a certain level of performance for competing with others, while performance goals are focused on improving one’s own skills and understanding of a task.

12. Sibling relationships :

• (a) are different than relationships with parents and peers and play an important role in socialization throughout childhood.
• (b) are similar to relationships with parents and peers and play an important role in socialization throughout childhood.
• (c) play an important role only during early childhood.
• (d) do not have much role in socialization.

13. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Considerable variations exist in developmental rates among children. Reason (R) : Developmental differences are an inevitable result of complex interaction of genetic and experiential variations.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

14. Which principle of development is illustrated in the following statement ? “Children who are deprived of a conducive environment for learning language in their early years have some difficulty in picking language later in life.”

• (a) Development of language is totally dependent on genetics.
• (b) Language and cognition are complexly interrelated.
• (c) Development is disorderly and unpredictable.
• (d) There is a sensitive period of language development.

15. Students struggling with ‘dyslexia’ can be taught to read :

• (a) by encouraging them to study in multiple distractions.
• (b) by providing higher grade level reading texts.
• (c) through use of strict punishment to ensure corrective reading.
• (d) through systemic phonological training.

16. The underlying principle of ‘understanding-based teaching’ is the belief that :

• (a) learners’ abilities and needs are diverse which cannot be catered to without focusing on standard instructions.
• (b) learners are passive recipients and the teacher has the ‘right’ knowledge.
• (c) learners can construct knowledge when provided with a facilitative environment to do so.
• (d) learners know little and teaching involves transmission of facts to students.

17. How can a teacher help Aman who is struggling with complex problems develop problem-solving skills ?

• (a) Encourage him to brainstorm and generate ideas
• (b) Tell him to give up on the problem
• (c) Discourage him from experimenting and taking risks
• (d) Provide him with the answers

18. A conducive classroom environment for learning in middle classes centres around _________.

• (a) fear of punishment and embarrassment
• (b) co-operative learning
• (c) competitive ethos
• (d) conditioning and reinforcement

19. Lev Vygotsky believed that development :

• (a) is discontinuous in nature.
• (b) is an unfolding of genetic programming.
• (c) results directly from maturation.
• (d) results directly from social interaction.

20. According to Piaget, the four qualitatively different stages :

• (a) vary vastly across the various cultures in the world.
• (b) illustrate that children’s minds are miniature adult minds.
• (c) are dependent upon the genetic codes of the children.
• (d) represent universal patterns of development of children.

21. Which of the following is a limitation of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development ?

• (a) It overemphasizes the role of language in cognitive development.
• (b) It does not account for individual differences in cognitive development.
• (c) It does not account for the role of biological factors in cognitive development.
• (d) It does not account for the influence of culture and social factors on cognitive development.

22. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Every year Lata, a Class VII teacher invites a female maths professor and a male nurse to her class to discuss careers in these fields. Reason (R) : Gender differences are innate and not acquired through society.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

23. In a progressive classroom, the students : A. do not ask many questions. B. ask questions to the teacher. C. ask questions to each other. D. ask themselves questions. Choose the correct option :

• (a) B and D
• (b) B and C
• (c) B, C and D
• (d) A

24. Expectations associated with being male or female are referred to as __________ and these are learned ___________ .

• (a) gender roles; throughout childhood and into adulthood
• (b) gender constancy; initially during adolescence
• (c) gender stereotypes; only during middle childhood
• (d) gender bias; mainly during early childhood

25. Which of the following views about intelligence supports the respectful consideration of diversity among learners ?

• (a) Intelligence is not influenced by environmental factors.
• (b) Intelligence is not influenced by genetic factors.
• (c) IQ tests are the only measure of intelligence.
• (d) Intelligence is multidimensional and can change over time.

26. Who among the following critiqued the concept of ‘general’ intelligence and proposed an alternative theory of intelligence ?

• (a) Jean Piaget
• (b) Howard Gardner
• (c) Lev Vygotsky
• (d) Charles Spearman

27. Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory has been critiqued by Carol Gilligan for :

• (a) ignoring gender differences in moral reasoning.
• (b) not applying quantitative methods of analysis.
• (c) presenting a stage-theory of moral development.
• (d) collecting data by means of real-life situations.

28. A teacher wants to help her students develop metacognitive skills. Which of the following strategies would be most effective ?

• (a) Providing frequent grades and feedback to motivate students
• (b) Encouraging students to reflect on their own learning and evaluate their progress
• (c) Assigning texts to students to memorize and encouraging them to repeat information from the textbook
• (d) Providing students with detailed and prescriptive instructions for all learning tasks

31. Consider the following assessment question : ‘What are the ways in which people can participate in a democracy ?’ Following are some answers that you get from students. Which answer reflects the student’s understanding of the question and his/her ability to give a comprehensive ‘to-the-point’ answer ?

• (a) ‘Some key elements that influence the working of a democratic government are — people’s participation, resolution of conflict and commitment to equality and justice.’
• (b) ‘Voting, dharna, rallies, social movements.’
• (c) ‘By voting in elections.’
• (d) ‘In a democracy, people participate by voting in elections. All governments are elected for fixed periods. In India this period is five years.’

32. Consider the following assessment question : ‘What is the difference between weekly markets and shopping malls ?’ Below are some answers written by students. In which answer does the student fail to display ability of comparing/contrasting ?

• (a) ‘The products sold in weekly markets could be bought at cheap rates whereas only a few people can afford products sold in shopping malls.’
• (b) ‘Weekly markets do not have permanent shops whereas the shops in shopping malls are built to last.’
• (c) ‘Weekly markets run in both rural and urban areas whereas a shopping mall is usually seen in urban areas.’
• (d) ‘Weekly markets are markets which are held on a specific day of the week whereas shopping malls are multi-storeyed buildings with shops on different floors.’

33. Some students of Class VI question that if the Earth is not flat, then how are maps showing everything as flat ? What will be the best way to address this question ?

• (a) Showing animatedly how maps and globes resemble our Earth
• (b) Showing the maps to the students
• (c) Ask them to find out the reason themselves
• (d) Showing the globe to the students

34. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Social Science has a strong correlation with Arts. Reason (R) : Paintings, sculptures, prehistoric artifacts, etc. represent proof of many domains of Social Sciences.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

35. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Statement A : The nature of Social Science is evidence-based, empirical and verifiable. Statement B : Its study often leads to multiple interpretations of a single event.

• (a) A is true, but B is false.
• (b) Both A and B are false.
• (c) A is false, but B is true.
• (d) Both A and B are true.

36. Rosy drew a picture of a woman as a nurse and a man as an engineer. On asking the reason behind it, she replied, ‘women make better nurses because they are more patient and gentle, whereas science requires a technical mind and women are not capable of dealing with technical things’. What does Rosy’s statement reflect ?

• (a) Gender constancy
• (b) Gender stereotype
• (c) Gender typing
• (d) Gender discrimination

37. To familiarise students about election procedure in India, which one of the following would be the best pedagogical method ?

• (a) Asking students to conduct survey in their neighbourhood about election
• (b) Organizing an election in the class for class representatives
• (c) Screening a documentary on a local election
• (d) Inviting an expert for a lecture

38. The best possible practice for sensitizing students towards the life of tribals and nomadic pastoralists would be :

• (a) screening a movie or documentary on Bakarwals.
• (b) lecture and seminar.
• (c) a group discussion on tribes and nomadic pastoralists.
• (d) textbook reading.

39. While students are engaged in a group discussion on uses of water, a teacher should use the blackboard in which of the following manner ?

• (a) Arranging responses around concepts, themes and issues.
• (b) Noting responses of students who are considered bright in the class.
• (c) Listen to the students but not necessary to record.
• (d) Recording every word said in the discussion.

40. A teacher takes students of upper primary classes to the District Court, after finishing the lesson on ‘Criminal Justice System’. Which of the following objectives is/are most appropriate for the visit ? A. To provide experience of the functioning of courts and interact with lawyers, judges and staff on the roles they play. B. To show the challenges of seeking justice and create awe of the system. C. To scare students by showing difficulties faced by those implicated in various cases and encourage law keeping. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Only C
• (b) Only B
• (c) A, B and C
• (d) Only A

41. Which of the following are the prevailing misconceptions about Social Science ? A. It is a non-utilitarian subject. B. Natural Sciences are superior to the Social Sciences. C. It rewards memorisation of superfluous ‘facts’. D. The only job option open to students specialising in the Social Sciences is in academics. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, B and C
• (b) B and C
• (c) A, B, C and D
• (d) A, C and D

42. Which of the following concepts (A to D) should a child have prior knowledge about to understand the concept of the Torrid Zone ? A. Longitudes B. Globe C. Insolation D. Latitudes Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, C and D
• (b) B, C and D
• (c) A, B and D
• (d) A, B and C

43. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : The change in nomenclature, from Civics to Political Science was to bring back the focus towards issues of contemporary India. Reason (R) : ‘Civics’ appeared in the Indian school curriculum during Colonial period against the background of increasing disloyalty among Indians towards the British Raj.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

44. Which of the following activities would help children to critically think about women’s work in society ? A. Asking students to write slogans emphasizing the importance of equality between men and women. B. Asking students to observe how much leisure time men and women have respectively and to think about why that is so. C. Showing them data regarding how many girl students get to attend schools and asking them to talk about the impact that might have on their job opportunities. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A and B
• (b) Only C
• (c) B and C
• (d) Only A

46. A teacher writes expected learning objectives for her lesson plan as : ‘Students will be able to compare a weekly market with a shopping complex’. This objective will require students to demonstrate their :

• (a) Application
• (b) Understanding
• (c) Analysis
• (d) Knowledge

47. Which of the following assessment questions is the most appropriate to test students’ understanding and appreciation of Indian federalism ?

• (a) Write a brief note on the three organs of the state — the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.
• (b) What are the three levels of the government ? What are their functions ?
• (c) What do you think might happen if we did not have any state and local governments and all decisions were made at the Centre ?
• (d) Define federalism.

48. Consider the following assessment question : ‘Why does a democratic country need a constitution ?’ Which of the following answers given by your students indicate a lack of understanding of the question ?

• (a) Student C : A constitution ensures that a dominant group does not use its power against less powerful groups.
• (b) Student B : A constitution gives us a set of rules on the basis of which a country is to be governed.
• (c) Student D : A constitution usually contains rules that ensure that minorities are not excluded from anything that is routinely available to the majority.
• (d) Student A : A constitution lays down rules that guard against the misuse of authority by our political leaders.

49. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : A scrapbook is an effective way of making students learn about the different types of vegetation present in various regions of the world through pictures. Reason (R) : A scrapbook must be assessed only by the cost of different materials used in it.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

50. What kinds of questions can students be asked in order to test their factual knowledge ?

• (a) Knowledge of terminologies
• (b) Knowledge of classifications and categories
• (c) Strategic knowledge
• (d) Knowledge of subject-specific skills

52. Sea caves are formed in coastal areas. Select the suitable reason for formation of sea caves :

• (a) Erosion and deposition by waves
• (b) Wind erosion
• (c) Man made activity
• (d) Falling of rocks

53. Natural vegetation varies from place to place. Why do evergreen trees grow near equatorial region ? Choose the appropriate reason from the following :

• (a) Moderate temperature and moderate rainfall
• (b) Heavy rainfall and high temperature
• (c) Low rainfall and high temperature
• (d) Moderate rainfall and low temperature

55. An imaginary line drawn on a globe to divide it into two equal parts is known as the ___________.

• (a) Equator
• (b) Tropic of Capricorn
• (c) Arctic Circle
• (d) Tropic of Cancer

56. Choose the correct statements about the globe from the following : A. Longitudes and latitudes are drawn on the globe. B. It is tilting on its axis. C. It is a true model of the Earth. D. It is oval in shape. Choose the correct option :

• (a) B, C and D
• (b) A, B and D
• (c) A, C and D
• (d) A, B and C

57. Stratosphere has ideal conditions for flying aeroplanes. Choose the correct reason :

• (a) High air pressure
• (b) Low air pressure
• (c) Free from clouds and related weather phenomena
• (d) Windy conditions

59. Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current because it ________.

• (a) moves from poles to equator
• (b) gets heated from underground
• (c) gets heated by hot springs
• (d) originates near the equator

61. Choose the false statement from the following statements on ‘Energy Resources’.

• (a) Biogas causes greenhouse effect.
• (b) Solar energy is renewable energy.
• (c) Tidal energy is exhaustible.
• (d) Wind energy is non-polluting.

62. Which of the following means of transport is cheapest for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances ?

• (a) Waterways
• (b) Railways
• (c) Airways
• (d) Roadways

63. Suggest the type of resources we should use more, in order to save our environment.

• (a) Non-renewable resources
• (b) Renewable resources
• (c) Human made resources
• (d) Abiotic resources

64. During a class activity, the teacher asked students to select dolls which identified closely with Adivasis. Most of the students picked up dolls wearing colourful clothes, head gear and in dancing postures. What does this behaviour demonstrate ?

• (a) Discrimination
• (b) Stereotype
• (c) Progressiveness
• (d) Prejudice

65. Being prejudiced towards someone implies : A. To judge them negatively. B. To consider them superior. C. To disrespect those who are different. D. To discriminate against members of a group. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, C and D
• (b) B, C and D
• (c) A, B, C and D
• (d) A, B and C

66. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Federal system fulfils the needs and demands of the cultural diversities in India. Reason (R) : It establishes multiple levels of governance in the country.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

67. Which of the following incidents are identified as violative of ‘The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989’ ? A. Violence by ‘upper caste’ people against Scheduled Caste people. B. Forcing a member of a Scheduled Caste community to eat obnoxious substance. C. Allowing non-tribal timber merchants to exploit tribal land. D. Marrying a member of Scheduled Caste community. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, B and D
• (b) A, C and D
• (c) A, B, C and D
• (d) A, B and C

68. “The Mid-day meal scheme has helped reduce caste prejudices among students and promoted social justice.” Explain the statement by choosing the correct option. A. Children of all castes eat together. B. In many places, Dalit women are employed to cook meals. C. Enrolment of poor children in schools has increased many times. D. Reduced the dropout rates in schools. Options :

• (a) A, B and D
• (b) A, C and D
• (c) A, B, C and D
• (d) A, B and C

69. Which among the following provisions ensures independence of Indian Judicial system ? A. The legislature is not involved in the process of appointment of judges B. Fixed tenure of judges C. Parliament cannot discuss the conduct of judges D. The President administers the oath to the Chief Justice of Supreme Court Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, B and D
• (b) A, C and D
• (c) A, B, C and D
• (d) A, B and C

70. The work performed by a homemaker goes unnoticed and unpaid as compared to the official work performed by an office going lady who gets salary and respect. Examine the possible reason behind this :

• (a) Overvaluation of official work
• (b) Less time taken for household work
• (c) Patriarchal set-up of Indian society
• (d) Devaluation of household work

71. The Supreme Court has interpreted Right to food, Right to privacy and Right to pollution-free water and air under the ambit of which Fundamental Right granted to Indian citizens ?

• (a) Article 19
• (b) Article 21
• (c) Article 14
• (d) Article 20

72. “Indian secularism is different from secularism practised in the USA.” Identify the correct options from below which identify the differences between the two. A. In USA, neither the state nor religion can interfere in each other’s matters. B. In the Indian Constitution, there is a provision for Protection of Minority Rights. C. Both USA and India maintain strict separation between state affairs and religious affairs. D. In USA, state can allow religious reforms, unlike India. Choose the correct option :

• (a) B and C
• (b) A and C
• (c) C and D
• (d) A and B

73. The term “All persons are equal before the law” means : A. that all the citizens regardless of their socio-economic status have to obey the same law. B. no person can be discriminated against, in the eyes of the law, on the grounds of race/colour, religion, caste or gender. C. inequalities cease to exist. D. it ensures fair opportunities and a life of dignity for all the citizens. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, B and D
• (b) B, C and D
• (c) A, B, C and D
• (d) A, B and C

74. Which of the following pairs are correctly matched ? I II Work Forms of Employment A. Mason – Daily wage labourers B. Domestic worker – Casual workers C. Vegetable vendor – Self-employed D. Supervisor in – Businesspersons a shop Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, B and D
• (b) A, B and C
• (c) A, C and D
• (d) A and B

75. The cities have witnessed increasing rural-urban migration which has resulted in growth of slum areas near the industrial sites. The reasons for this type of migration are : A. Deterioration in living standards in urban areas B. Disruption of rural labour market C. Decreased agricultural productivity D. Increased skilled workforce in rural areas Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, B and D
• (b) A, C and D
• (c) A, B, C and D
• (d) B and C

76. Which among the following services can be included in the ‘Public Services’ ? A. Police Services B. Judicial Services C. Educational Services D. Construction Services Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, B and D
• (b) B, C and D
• (c) A, B, C and D
• (d) A, B and C

77. The Ilbert Bill was opposed in 1883 because : A. Indians opposed the Bill as it gave a free hand to the British government to have trials of Indians without evidence. B. Britishers opposed the Bill as Indians could take up trial of British or European people. C. the Bill sought equality between British and Indian judges. D. the Bill was racist towards Indian people. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Only C
• (b) B and C
• (c) Only D
• (d) A and D

78. Consider the following statements with reference to post-independence India : Assertion (A) : Despite constitutional recognition of equality before law, some Indians are more equal than others. Reason (R) : The ideals set out in the Indian Constitution have not yet been fulfilled. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reason for (A).
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct reason for (A).
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

79. Below are two statements A and B in the context of Khilafat Movement. A. In 1920, the British imposed a harsh treaty on the Turkish Sultan (Khalifa). B. Indian Muslims were keen that the Khalifa was not allowed to retain control over Muslim sacred places in the erstwhile Ottoman empire. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A is true, but B is false.
• (b) Both A and B are false.
• (c) A is false, but B is true.
• (d) Both A and B are true.

80. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : As the indigo trade grew, commercial agents and officials of the Company began investing in indigo production. Reason (R) : Attracted by the prospect of high profits, numerous Scotsmen and Englishmen came to India and became planters.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

81. Which of the following statements are true about Buddha’s teachings ? A. Our sufferings and unhappiness are a result of our past births. B. Our sufferings and unhappiness are a result of our cravings and desires. C. All believers had to accept and follow the teachings of Buddha for a happy life. Choose the correct option :

• (a) B and C
• (b) A and C
• (c) A, B and C
• (d) A and B

82. The increased demand for Indian textiles in European markets in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries led to the following changes for Indian weavers : A. Expanding crafts of spinning, bleaching and dyeing B. Increased independence in working of craftspersons C. Variety in designs and increased creativity of craftspersons D. Working on a new system of advance payments from agents Choose the correct option :

• (a) A and D
• (b) B and C
• (c) C and D
• (d) A and B

83. Jyotirao Phule’s book of 1873 on the dismal conditions of ‘lower’ castes was dedicated to :

• (a) Nationalists of anti-colonial movement of India.
• (b) Bhakti singers.
• (c) Anti-slavery activists of American Civil War.
• (d) Brahmo Samaj reformers.

84. Consider the following statements : A. By the second half of the nineteenth century, people from within the non-Brahmin castes began organising movements against caste discrimination and demanded social equality and justice. B. The Satnami Movement in Central India was founded by Ghasidas who worked among the leather workers and organised a movement to improve their social status. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A is true, but B is false.
• (b) Both A and B are true, but B is not an example of A.
• (c) Both A and B are false.
• (d) Both A and B are true and B is an example of A.

85. Who among the following reinterpreted verses from Quran to argue for women’s education ?

• (a) Begum Anis Qidwai
• (b) Mumtaz Ali
• (c) Hajara Beebi Ismail
• (d) Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain

86. We know very less about tribal groups in the medieval period because :

• (a) they did not keep written records so there is less information.
• (b) they were not living in areas where medieval rulers ventured.
• (c) they came into limelight only after the British established their rule.
• (d) they were isolated and lived in seclusion.

87. “In the register of God’s creation, since her account did not fall under the column of men, how did she gain from all of her excellent qualities ?” For whom was this passage written in the thirteenth century ?

• (a) Didda
• (b) Raziyya
• (c) Gautami
• (d) Rudramadevi

88. Which of the following statements is/are true about technology used in the twelfth century ? A. Arches were constructed to transfer the weight of the superstructure. B. The centre of the arch was called the base stone. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Only A
• (b) Neither A nor B
• (c) Only B
• (d) Both A and B

89. In which of the following Palaeolithic sites, were tools made of limestone found ?

• (a) Koldihwa
• (b) Inamgaon
• (c) Brahmagiri
• (d) Hunsgi

90. Which one of the following is not true for Mahajanapadas regarding the collection of regular taxes ?

• (a) Hunters and gatherers also had to provide forest produce to the Raja.
• (b) There were taxes on goods that were bought and sold, through trade. 1
• (c) Usually tax on crops was fixed at (half) 2 of what was produced.
• (d) Herders were expected to pay taxes in the form of animals and animal produce.

91. A teacher showed a movie with the captions to learners in Class VI. The movie is based on one of the chapters in the textbook. The movie with captions on will encourage :

• (a) listening strategies, active viewing, and motivating the students to use authentic language material.
• (b) active viewing and listening.
• (c) the students to watch more such movies.
• (d) listening strategies by verbal clues and to appreciate the actions of actors, and to write a review.

92. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : A child in his early childhood stage uses more verbs than nouns and ignores the grammar rules. Reason (R) : They lack vocabulary range.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

93. A child shares her language classroom experiences with her mother and says that sometimes we cover our eyes and the teacher asks us to pick an object out of a bag. Then we have to try to describe it. It’s a really good way to learn. This comment shows the child’s preference of learning. Identify her preference.

• (a) I remember language well when I move.
• (b) I remember language well when I hear it.
• (c) I remember language well when I copy it.
• (d) I remember language well when I see it.

94. Read the example of what a learner does and choose the strategy that matches the example. “If I don’t know what something means, I look it up.”

• (a) Consulting reference materials
• (b) Using opportunities for practice
• (c) Confused state of mind
• (d) Focusing on collocations

95. A diagnostic test is used to assess :

• (a) learners’ ability to summarise the main points in a text.
• (b) learners’ ability to recognise their own language mistakes.
• (c) and rank learners in order of achievement.
• (d) learners’ strong and weak points in language.

96. A proficiency test always assesses :

• (a) the level of language that learners have reached.
• (b) the language that students have been taught.
• (c) the multisensory learning experiences.
• (d) the language of daily conversation.

97. A teacher divided learners into groups, and asked them to do a quiz about ‘elephants’ before reading a story about them. The objective of the teacher is to :

• (a) generate interest in a topic.
• (b) give peer feedback.
• (c) write a text review.
• (d) test their memory.

98. In a language classroom, a student is disturbing the class. To handle this disruptive student, the teacher should :

• (a) first talk to the children to offer remedies.
• (b) address the diligent students.
• (c) depend on the parents to offer remedies.
• (d) report the behaviour of the student to the school authority.

99. When students “brainstorm ideas, organise, draft, edit and revise their work,” which skill does this process reflect ?

• (a) Reading skill
• (b) Speaking skill
• (c) Writing skill
• (d) Listening skill

100. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Reading and writing skills help in critical thinking at the primary level. Reason (R) : Critical thinking is a sub-skill of reading and writing.

• (a) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

101. Language skills are best learnt :

• (a) with the help of challenging and mechanical language drills.
• (b) if the teacher focuses on one skill at a time.
• (c) if they are dealt with in an integrated manner.
• (d) only through written tests and assignments.

102. To assess whether students have understood how to use the narrative skill, a teacher should ask students to :

• (a) share an incident when they were surprised.
• (b) circle the verbs and adjectives in the text.
• (c) correct the mistakes in the use of describing words.
• (d) read a story and answer comprehension-based questions.

103. A teacher of Class VII is facilitating the reading of books other than the prescribed textbooks. She is promoting their :

• (a) Intensive reading
• (b) Shared reading
• (c) Extensive reading
• (d) Guided reading

104. The principal asked the language teacher to select the textbooks and other resources for the new session. While selecting them, which one of the following is not relevant ?

• (a) Adaptability of the books and resources
• (b) Learning needs and languages known to children
• (c) Level of the students
• (d) Conceptual complexity and density of material

105. The teacher developed the criteria to monitor the use of language materials by learners. Which criteria are most important and helpful in monitoring the use of material ?

• (a) Present, prepare and practice the material
• (b) Usability, repetition and production of utterances
• (c) Observation, feedback sessions and written reports
• (d) Checklist, assumptions and learning outcomes

121. Which one of the following is not a classroom resource for learners in teaching-learning of language ?

• (a) Classroom library
• (b) Reading corner
• (c) Classroom procedures
• (d) Word wall

122. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : A plan for individualised learning must be created by a language teacher. Reason (R) : There is diversity in learners in the learning of new languages.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

123. In which method does the learners’ first language play a central role in teaching ?

• (a) Communicative language teaching method
• (b) Grammar-Translation method
• (c) Task-based learning
• (d) Direct method

124. Chetan’s first language was Bhojpuri. Since arriving in Tamil Nadu, he no longer speaks Bhojpuri and only speaks English with the natives. When the new second language replaces the native language, this is an example of :

• (a) Code-mixing
• (b) Subtractive bilingualism
• (c) Code-switching
• (d) Bilingualism

125. Which of the following supports a pre-reading activity ?

• (a) Asking learners to summarise the text
• (b) Using a prediction task
• (c) Teaching grammatical structures
• (d) Using paraphrasing tasks

126. Which of the following is true about remedial teaching ?

• (a) Providing support to improve performance
• (b) Showing sympathy to backward students
• (c) Providing extra marks to improve performance
• (d) Giving extra attention to gifted children

127. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : English is an associate official language in India. Reason (R) : English is taught as a foreign language in Indian schools.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

128. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of a language ?

• (a) Language is symbolic.
• (b) Language is static.
• (c) Language is social.
• (d) Language is systematic.

129. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Prompting students to recall previous knowledge is important. Reason (R) : Recalling the previous knowledge helps students connect the known knowledge to the new knowledge.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
• (c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

130. A teacher of Class VIII asked her learners to produce a leaflet about saving energy at home as an assignment. This task will cater to which feature of language ?

• (a) Question forms
• (b) Positive imperatives
• (c) Comparative
• (d) The past tense

131. While planning a lesson, one of the objectives is to enable learners to produce typical business communication with customers. This objective matches with one of the types of text genres listed below :

• (a) Report
• (b) Description
• (c) Article
• (d) Letter

133. When monolingual speakers move from formal to informal modes of speech within the same spoken or gestured idea, they are engaging in :

• (a) Code-mixing
• (b) Code-switching
• (c) Dialects
• (d) Sociolinguistics

134. Children’s informal interactions, friendships and relationships with others in their community are based on their use of which form of language ?

• (a) Accommodation
• (b) Assimilation
• (c) Language socialization
• (d) Enculturation

135. In the case of vocabulary use, grammar provides a pathway for learners to :

• (a) combine lexical items into meaningful and communicative expressions.
• (b) re-tell listening inputs into oral output.
• (c) draft formal pieces of writing in higher classes.
• (d) speak in formal situations with greater accuracy and confidence.