CTET Paper I — 20 August 2023 (Set D)

1. As per Lev Vygotsky, ____________ plays a significant role in the development of conceptual abilities among children.

• (a) Standardized curriculum
• (b) Tangible rewards
• (c) Peer collaboration
• (d) Social isolation

2. Four-year-old Aparna says that a button is alive because it helps tie her shirt together. According to Jean Piaget, her thinking is characterized by :

• (a) Hypothetical-deductive thinking
• (b) Transductive reasoning
• (c) Animistic thinking
• (d) Centration

3. According to Lev Vygotsky’s theory, inner speech :

• (a) is a way for children to regulate their own thinking.
• (b) is a way for children to communicate with an imaginary friend.
• (c) is a sign of cognitive immaturity.
• (d) is a sign of developmental delay.

4. According to Howard Gardner, a philosopher has __________ type of intelligence and a sculptor has more __________ type of intelligence.

• (a) interpersonal; linguistic
• (b) linguistic; interpersonal
• (c) spatial; intrapersonal
• (d) intrapersonal; spatial

5. Which of the following is an example of an internal attribution for failure ?

• (a) I failed the test because my friends were distracting me.
• (b) I received a low grade because the teacher is a tough grader.
• (c) I failed the test because I didn’t study enough.
• (d) I didn’t get good marks because the teacher was biased.

6. Which of the following is an example of a question that requires students to reflect on their own thinking ?

• (a) How has your thinking about the use of verbs changed since the beginning of the class ?
• (b) What is the relationship between nouns and verbs in a sentence ?
• (c) What is the definition of a verb ?
• (d) How do you change a verb to the present tense ?

7. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : At a very early age, girls in most cultures across the world choose dolls as toys while boys prefer to play with cars. Reason (R) : Children organize information about what is considered appropriate for a boy or a girl on the basis of what a particular culture expects and behave accordingly.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

8. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Interaction with more knowledgeable others, such as teachers and peers, can provide the necessary support and guidance to help learners develop their understanding and skills. Reason (R) : Social interaction is a key component of learning and development.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

9. According to Lev Vygotsky :

• (a) Language development facilitates cognitive development.
• (b) Social factors influence language development, but not cognitive development.
• (c) Cognitive development facilitates language development.
• (d) Language development and cognitive development advance independent from each other.

10. At which level of Lawrence Kohlberg’s moral reasoning, do children typically believe that people should live up to the expectations of the society and behave in ‘‘good’’ ways ?

• (a) Pre-operational level
• (b) Post-operational level
• (c) Pre-conventional level
• (d) Conventional level

11. Which of the following is an effective method to enhance problem-solving skills in children ?

• (a) Giving them opportunities to brainstorm and make intuitive guesses
• (b) Discouraging independent thinking and focusing on declarative knowledge
• (c) Encouraging them to avoid difficult problems
• (d) Providing them with ready-made solutions to problems

12. Experiential learning stresses on :

• (a) learning as a product rather than a process.
• (b) control of teacher on the learning of children.
• (c) the role of reinforcement in learning.
• (d) importance of critical reflection.

13. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Teachers should create a meaningful environment which seeks active participation and engagement of all children. Reason (R) : All children are intrinsically motivated to learn and are capable of learning.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

14. Which of the following process does not contribute to the course of learning ?

• (a) Decontextualization
• (b) Organization
• (c) Categorization
• (d) Conceptualization

15. Which of the following is a gross motor skill ?

• (a) Cutting along the outline of a big rectangle on a paper
• (b) Knitting
• (c) Swimming
• (d) Cutting along the outline of a circle on a paper

16. Physical growth and development follow the ____________ and _____________ principles of development.

• (a) differentiation (simple to complex); integration (complex to simple)
• (b) integration (simple to complex); differentiation (complex to simple)
• (c) cephalocaudal (top-down); proximodistal (inner to outer)
• (d) proximodistal (top-down); cephalocaudal (inner to outer)

17. In early childhood, growth _____ and thinking is ________, while in middle childhood, growth ________ and thinking is _________.

• (a) slows, logical; is steady, egocentric
• (b) slows, somewhat egocentric; is steady, logical
• (c) is steady, somewhat egocentric; slows, logical
• (d) is steady, logical; slows, egocentric

18. One of the main characteristics of pre-operational thought according to Jean Piaget is __________ which refers to the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others.

• (a) Transduction
• (b) Causation
• (c) Centration
• (d) Decentration

19. What is the main goal of ‘assessment for learning’ ?

• (a) To compare student performance to a standard or benchmark
• (b) To identify students who can be categorised as ‘slow learners’
• (c) To evaluate student performance and assign grades
• (d) To provide feedback to students that can be used to improve their learning

20. At which age can children engage in word play and like jokes and riddles that involve a play on words ?

• (a) Seven years
• (b) Twelve years
• (c) One year
• (d) Three years

21. Carol Gilligan has critiqued Kohlberg’s theory of moral development :

• (a) for using case study as the research method.
• (b) from a social cognitive perspective.
• (c) from a feminist perspective.
• (d) for not giving adequate importance to genetic factors.

22. While ___________ agencies of socialisation are predominantly important in infancy, __________ agencies of socialization also become important in early childhood.

• (a) secondary; tertiary
• (b) tertiary; secondary
• (c) primary; secondary
• (d) secondary; primary

23. Dysgraphia is a :

• (a) Psychological disorder characterized by lack of attention and impulsive behaviour.
• (b) Speech disorder characterized by stuttering and errors in articulation.
• (c) Locomotor disorder characterized by gross motor impairment.
• (d) Neurological disorder characterized by trouble in forming letters and shapes.

24. The approach to educating gifted children which moves them through curriculum at an unusually rapid pace is known as :

• (a) Immersion
• (b) Differentiated instruction
• (c) Enrichment
• (d) Acceleration

25. Which of the following is a typical characterstic of students having autism ?

• (a) Higher level of communication skills
• (b) Superior ability of differentiating fiction from fact
• (c) Advanced socio-emotional reciprocity
• (d) Frequent repetitive and recurring behaviour

26. Teachers who are working towards inclusive classrooms : (i) Create curriculum adaptations (ii) Incorporate diverse perspectives (iii) Examine their own implicit bias (iv) See diversity as an obstacle Which of the above are correct ?

• (a) (ii), (iii), (iv)
• (b) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
• (c) (i), (ii), (iii)
• (d) (i), (iii), (iv)

27. Variability in learning styles of students :

• (a) should be seen as a barrier and hindrance to teaching-learning process.
• (b) should be valued and seen as a reflection of human diversity.
• (c) should be ignored and attempts should be made to bring uniformity in learning styles.
• (d) should not be taken into consideration during teaching-learning process.

28. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : To facilitate critical thinking among learners, teachers should expose them to diverse situations and differing perspectives. Reason (R) : Students learn and enrich their abilities to think critically and creatively as they engage in conversations across differences.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) Both (A) and (R) are false.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

29. The primary goal of learning should be :

• (a) development of critical thinking.
• (b) memorization of facts.
• (c) becoming excellent at rote rehearsal.
• (d) competing with peers.

30. Children learn more effectively if a concept proceeds from :

• (a) Rational to Empirical.
• (b) Generic to Specific.
• (c) Abstract to Concrete.
• (d) Complex to Simple.

31. Which one of the following groups have all 3-dimensional shapes ?

• (a) Cube, Cuboid, Sphere, Cylinder
• (b) Cube, Cuboid, Semi-circle, Cone
• (c) Cube, Cuboid, Circle, Cone
• (d) Cube, Cuboid, Circle, Triangle

32. Which of the following statements is not true ?

• (a) A parallelogram becomes a rectangle if all its angles are equal.
• (b) A kite becomes a rectangle if its opposite angles are equal.
• (c) A rectangle becomes a square if all its sides are equal.
• (d) A rhombus becomes a square if all its angles are equal.

34. What is the missing number in the pattern given below ? 1, 6, 15, ____, 45, 66, 91

• (a) 25
• (b) 36
• (c) 28
• (d) 32

35. Ammini is arranging 36 identical squares in the form of different rectangles. How many different types of rectangles can she make with these squares ?

• (a) Six
• (b) Eight
• (c) Four
• (d) Five

36. A whole number is added to 100 and the same number is subtracted from 100. The sum of the two resulting numbers so obtained is :

• (a) 100
• (b) 200
• (c) 0
• (d) 50

37. The sum of 5 – 5 + 5 – 5 + 5 – 5 ……, to odd number of terms is :

• (a) 5
• (b) 15
• (c) 0
• (d) – 5

38. Which of the following arrangements represents a descending order of numbers ?

• (a) 10·5, 1·50, 1·05, 1·055, 1·005, 0·155
• (b) 10·5, 1·50, 1·055, 1·05, 1·005, 0·155
• (c) 1·05, 1·005, 1·50, 1·055, 10·5, 0·155
• (d) 10·5, 1·05, 1·055, 1·50, 1·005, 0·155

39. Which of the following is not a factor of 3630 ?

• (a) 9
• (b) 11
• (c) 3
• (d) 5

40. ‘One hundred lakh’ is also known as :

• (a) One million
• (b) One billion
• (c) Ten crore
• (d) One crore

41. Priyadarshini mixed 4·8 kg of almonds, 2500 g of raisin and 3·5 kg of cashews and packed the mixture equally into three dozen packets. What is the weight of each packet ?

• (a) 500 g
• (b) 650 g
• (c) 250 g
• (d) 300 g

42. The side of a square is 5 cm. How many times will the new area become, if the side of the square is doubled ?

• (a) 4 times
• (b) 8 times
• (c) 2 times
• (d) 3 times

45. Rubina started her journey by car at 16:50 hours and finished at 21:15 hours on the same day. The time taken in completing the journey is :

• (a) 3 hours 35 minutes
• (b) 4 hours 35 minutes
• (c) 3 hours 25 minutes
• (d) 4 hours 25 minutes

46. To develop appreciation for mathematics among children, a teacher performs the following activities in the class. Choose the one which is not effective to achieve her objective.

• (a) She establishes a mathematics corner in her class where students can perform various mathematical activities.
• (b) She always praises the student who achieves highest marks in the class in the term-end examination.
• (c) She shows to children the videos on Indian mathematicians and their contributions.
• (d) She gives mathematical puzzles and magic squares to be solved in the class.

47. Which of the following statements about nature of mathematics are most appropriate ? A. It helps the child to be creative. B. It helps in nurturing the child’s imagination. C. It is based on deductive reasoning. D. It is always convergent. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A and B
• (b) A, B and C
• (c) B and C
• (d) A and C

48. Who among the following has worked in the field of mathematical astronomy ?

• (a) Mahavira
• (b) Aryabhatta
• (c) Bhaskara I
• (d) Ramanujan

49. Which of the following depicts a situation where children are constructing knowledge on their own ?

• (a) Teacher has written incomplete multiplication tables on blackboard and children are completing the tables by writing them on blackboard.
• (b) The best student in the class reads aloud the multiplication tables and rest of the students repeat after him/her.
• (c) Children are reciting multiplication tables in a chorus.
• (d) Children are given manipulatives like number grids, tokens arranged in rectangular arrays and they are exploring multiplication patterns using them.

50. A vegetable seller was selling spinach for < 60 per kg. Sonu purchased 350 g of spinach for which the vegetable seller took < 21 ( < 6 + < 6 + < 6 + < 3) from Sonu. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the mathematical skills used by the vegetable seller ? A. This mathematical skill is ambiguous. B. This skill is not useful to solve mathematical problems in class. C. Such skills help in developing alternate strategies for solving mathematical problems. Choose the correct option :

• (a) Only C
• (b) A and B
• (c) Only A
• (d) Only B

51. Which of the following statements is not correct ?

• (a) Errors of the students should be overlooked as pointing errors will demotivate them.
• (b) Errors of the students give information about their thought process.
• (c) Errors in mathematics are part of learning.
• (d) Errors in mathematics help teachers in planning their lessons.

52. Which of the following statements is not correct about assessment ?

• (a) Norm-referenced assessment tells us where a student stands as compared to other students in his/her performance.
• (b) Norm-referenced assessment is useful in diagnostic testing and remedial teaching.
• (c) Criterion-referenced assessment is to evaluate the mastery learning of the students.
• (d) Criterion-referenced assessment is useful in diagnostic testing and remedial teaching.

53. Concepts like more-less, long-short, far-near, big-small, etc. are :

• (a) Important pre-number concepts.
• (b) Vague terms for comparison.
• (c) Antonyms, not necessary for learning mathematics.
• (d) Simply English language adjectives.

54. Mathematical learning material : A. helps teachers in demonstrating the formulae. B. helps students in self-learning. C. helps teachers in providing instructions. D. develops learning environment in the class. Choose the correct option :

• (a) B and C
• (b) C and D
• (c) A and B
• (d) B and D

56. A teacher uses role play method in mathematics class. Her aim is :

• (a) maintaining discipline.
• (b) keeping children busy.
• (c) projecting ideas.
• (d) entertaining children.

57. Subitizing plays an important role in developing the number sense. Which of the following is an example of a student demonstrating the skill of subitizing ?

• (a) Student recognizes the number 5 as the successor of 4.
• (b) Student recognizes the number 6 as 1 added to 5.
• (c) Student rolls a die and is able to say it is four without actually counting the dots.
• (d) Student recognizes the number 4 as the number with 1 taken away from 5.

58. According to the National Curriculum Framework, 2005, classroom researches have indicated a fairly systematic devaluation of girls as incapable of mastering mathematics even when they perform well in mathematics. What is the most appropriate reason for this ?

• (a) The mathematical abilities in boys are innate.
• (b) Poor performance of girls in mathematics is due to the fear of mathematics prevalent in them.
• (c) Mathematics, by its nature, is a male-dominated subject.
• (d) Gendered constructs of society have led to the belief that boys use more innovative strategies for problem-solving and thus have better conceptual understanding.

59. Classroom researches have shown that most of the students find mathematics more difficult than the other subjects they study in the same class. Which of the following aspects of the nature of mathematics adds to this fear ?

• (a) The abstract nature of primary concepts in mathematics
• (b) The vast knowledge base of mathematics
• (c) The scope of multiple answers to a given question in mathematics
• (d) The scope of a number of different methods to solve a problem in mathematics

60. According to the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, olympiads and competitions in various subjects will be __________ across the country.

• (a) reduced
• (b) made easier
• (c) strengthened
• (d) discouraged

61. Rama plays cricket with his friends every evening. Which energy does he use to play cricket ?

• (a) Sound energy
• (b) Light energy
• (c) Chemical energy
• (d) Muscular energy

62. Which one of the following is ‘sticky rice’ and is a common variety of rice in Assam ?

• (a) Ponni rice
• (b) Bora rice
• (c) Arborio rice
• (d) Bomba rice

63. When we burn fuels we get :

• (a) Light and sound energy
• (b) Only light energy
• (c) Heat and light energy
• (d) Mechanical and light energy

64. Consider the following statements about snakes and identify the incorrect one from the following :

• (a) They chew up their prey.
• (b) They swallow their food whole.
• (c) Snakes have sharp teeth.
• (d) Poisonous snakes have fangs.

65. With respect to Gujarat, the locations of Uttar Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh, respectively, are :

• (a) North-West; South-East
• (b) North-West; South-West
• (c) North-East; South-West
• (d) North-East; South-East

67. The coastal State/Union Territory of Bay of Bengal is :

• (a) Telangana
• (b) Odisha
• (c) Karnataka
• (d) Kerala

68. Consider the following statements about forests : A. ‘Torang’ means forest in Kuduk language. B. The Village Council (Panchayat) in Jharkhand decides which family will get how much land for farming, by lottery. C. The Right to Forest Act, 2007 gives the rights to people who have been living in the forest for at least 15 years. D. About three-fourth people in Mizoram are linked to the forests. The correct statements are :

• (a) A and D
• (b) B and C
• (c) A and C
• (d) A and B

69. What is the mass of an object with a density of 24 g/mL and a volume of 6 mL ?

• (a) 144 g
• (b) 146 g
• (c) 142 g
• (d) 143 g

70. Bronze is an alloy made by melting the following :

• (a) Zinc and tin
• (b) Tin and copper
• (c) Copper and zinc
• (d) Aluminium and zinc

71. Select the correct statements about elephants from the following : A. A three-month-old baby elephant generally weighs about 100 kg. B. An adult elephant can eat more than 200 kg of leaves and twigs in one day. C. Elephants do not rest very much; they sleep for only two to four hours in a day. D. Elephants like to play with mud and water.

• (a) C and D
• (b) B and D
• (c) A and B
• (d) A and C

72. Select from the following the best period of the year for the people of Bihar to start a bee-keeping programme :

• (a) August to October
• (b) October to December
• (c) February to April
• (d) April to June

73. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : On applying pressure, gas can be compressed easily. Reason (R) : When we apply pressure to a gas, the intermolecular space between gaseous particles decreases and it gets compressed.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

74. Consider the following statements A and B : Statement A : In Manali, houses are constructed with wood, slanting roofs and elevated on strong bamboo pillars. Statement B : Manali receives a lot of rain and snowfall. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A is correct, but B is incorrect
• (b) A is incorrect, but B is correct
• (c) Both A and B are correct
• (d) Both A and B are incorrect

75. Consider the following main functions of plants : A. To produce and store food B. To give strength and support to the plant C. To transport water and minerals from roots to other parts of plant The main function(s) of the stem is/are :

• (a) A, B and C
• (b) Only B and C
• (c) Only B
• (d) Only A and B

76. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Learning of EVS needs to be oriented to process skills relating to observation, identification, classification, etc. Reason (R) : Through acquiring various process skills, the learning outcomes of EVS learning are expected to be achieved.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

77. An EVS teacher demonstrates an experiment in class in which an egg sinks in a tumbler with water, but floats upon adding salt to the water. Which of the following is the most appropriate explanation she can give to students’ enquiry ?

• (a) Conduct and observe the experiment with different amounts of salt.
• (b) Allow each student to conclude on their own by adding different items in water.
• (c) The egg floats due to density of water.
• (d) You will learn the correct reason in higher classes.

78. An EVS teacher should lay emphasis on __________ while preparing question paper for summative assessment

• (a) Length and total marks of the question paper
• (b) Length and objectives of the question paper
• (c) Content coverage and objectives of the question paper
• (d) Total marks and content coverage of the question paper

79. Formative assessment of EVS is _______. A. Assessment for learning B. Assessment of learning C. Assessment as learning D. Assessment about learning Choose the correct option :

• (a) B and C
• (b) C and D
• (c) A and B
• (d) A and C

80. You want to encourage hands-on activities for students of EVS. Which of the following is the most appropriate activity ?

• (a) Drawing parts of different plants on a chart
• (b) Map reading from a globe
• (c) Collecting coins of different countries
• (d) Developing an EVS kit from available material

81. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Field trips are an effective pedagogical strategy in EVS. Reason (R) : Field trips promote memorisation of objects, events and places.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

82. If theme Travel : Railway Station depicts utilisation of a community resource in EVS, which of the following will complete – theme Food : __________ ?

• (a) Farmer
• (b) Agricultural farm
• (c) Forest
• (d) Shopkeeper

83. While teaching EVS, a teacher’s statement/question, which encourages students to elaborate on an answer either on their own or from the response of their peers, is :

• (a) Trial and error
• (b) Probing
• (c) Conditioning
• (d) Chaining

84. A teacher wants to select synchronous communication with her students for teaching EVS. Which of the following will she choose ?

• (a) Video conferencing, online chat sessions, phone calls
• (b) Phone calls, pre-recorded videos, tele-conferencing
• (c) E-mail, social media posts, phone calls
• (d) Instant messaging, blogs, tele-conferencing

85. You have to select EVS textbooks for your students of classes III to V. Which of the following criteria is most appropriate for this purpose ?

• (a) The textbook should be child-oriented and devoid of any stereotypes or derogatory attitudes based on gender, caste, class and religion.
• (b) Pictures in the book should be big and colourful.
• (c) The language should be simple and according to the mental level of students.
• (d) The textbook should be illustrated and appealing to students.

86. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : At the primary level EVS has themes instead of topics. Reason (R) : Theme-based EVS learning is easy for teachers and students as compared to topics.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

87. Which of the following is not a learning outcome in EVS for students of Class III ?

• (a) Identifies directions of classroom
• (b) Voices opinion on good and bad touch
• (c) Voices opinion on issues observed/experienced and relates to social practices such as discrimination in ownership of resources
• (d) Observes rules in few local, indoor, outdoor games

88. Which of the following options is a major objective of teaching EVS from classes I to V ?

• (a) Helping learners link classroom learning to life outside the school
• (b) Acquiring skills to carry out hands-on activities independently
• (c) Preparing students for studying science at the middle level
• (d) Developing in-depth understanding of the basic concepts of the subject

89. Anita prepares a unit plan to teach the theme Family. Which of the following will be the title of her unit plan ?

• (a) Family : Relationships, Gender Roles, Occupations, as socio-cultural entity in changing times
• (b) Families : Migrating families
• (c) Types of Family : Nuclear and Joint
• (d) Family : Relationships within a Family

90. Ms. Sheetal likes to use stories and poems in primary classes to explain various concepts of EVS. The most appropriate logic for her using stories and poems is to : A. complete the EVS syllabus as well as students have heard them before coming to school. B. encourage the students to write their own poems and stories. C. make the students aware of diversity in language and culture. D. make the lessons more interactive, enjoyable and interesting. Choose the correct option :

• (a) A, C and D
• (b) B and C
• (c) A and B
• (d) B, C and D

106. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Use of phonetic spelling slows down the ability to learn to spell correctly. Reason (R) : When young children use spellings that they ‘invented’ rather than conventional spellings, it does not slow down their ability to learn to spell correctly.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

107. In learning a new language, many students often lack confidence when speaking due to the language’s unique pronunciation rules. One way to overcome this problem is by :

• (a) conducting special speech therapy with a counsellor and practice through drills.
• (b) correcting errors whenever they happen.
• (c) letting children read aloud in class.
• (d) using game-like activities that require verbal interaction in the classroom.

108. A teacher of Class III is presenting new vocabulary to the learners. Which one of the following is an effective way to present the new vocabulary ?

• (a) The teacher should try to explain a word’s meaning in the situation in which it occurs.
• (b) The teacher should write its meaning on the blackboard and ask learners to learn it by heart.
• (c) The teacher should tell them the antonyms of words and give the meaning in their language.
• (d) The teacher should give them a concise definition of words.

109. Learning a language is a matter of __________.

• (a) product
• (b) skill
• (c) acquisition
• (d) process

111. Choose the strategy that matches the example. ‘I focus on the language I use to make sure it is correct.’

• (a) Self-monitoring
• (b) Translanguaging
• (c) Memorising
• (d) Revising

112. Students in Class II sing a song, ‘Head and shoulders, knees and toes’. They touch the correct part of their body as they sing the song. Which method is the teacher using to teach them ?

• (a) Total Physical Response
• (b) Eclectic
• (c) Audio-lingual
• (d) Communicative Language Teaching

113. Students work in groups to answer five questions about vocabulary from the previous unit. Then, they exchange questions with another group and try to answer the questions. This is an example of :

• (a) Reading assessment
• (b) Peer assessment
• (c) Self-assessment
• (d) Feedback

114. I like it when the teacher gives me a card with a word or phrase on it and I have to act it out for the rest of the class so that they guess the word. Find the learners’ comments with the learners’ preferences listed below:

• (a) I remember language well when I memorise the phrase from the card.
• (b) I remember language well when I am kinesthetically involved.
• (c) I remember language well when I see it.
• (d) I remember language well when I hear it.

115. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : All children who enter school are competent language users according to their age. Reason (R) : Due to language and cultural diversity, they are unable to demonstrate their abilities.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

116. Manjeet of Class V speaks in different ways to his teacher, to his friends and also to a two-year-old child. It means Manjeet knows how to use language in social situations. What is this attribute of a language known as ?

• (a) Pragmatics
• (b) Act of speech
• (c) Naturalist
• (d) Semantics

117. A mother notices that her child sometimes says things that she has never heard adults or her siblings say. She is confused, as she believes that the child learns language by imitating people in her family and immediate surroundings. Her belief resonates with :

• (a) Constructivism
• (b) Multilingualism
• (c) Nativism
• (d) Behaviourism

118. The set of skills that develop before children begin formal reading instruction and which provide the foundation for later academic skills is :

• (a) Emergent properties
• (b) Emergent literacy
• (c) Emergent solution
• (d) Emergent curriculum

119. A grandmother loves to read out stories from books to young children at home and, in this way, exposes them to books and new ideas, and the children are actively engaged in this process. This technique is known as :

• (a) Dialogic reading
• (b) Aloud reading
• (c) Model reading
• (d) Shared reading

120. An approach to teaching reading that starts with basic elements like letters and phonemes and teaches children that phonemes can be combined into words before moving on to reading as a whole is :

• (a) Whole language approach
• (b) Structural approach
• (c) Top-down approach
• (d) Bottom-up approach

121. A teacher can develop the listening skills of language learners by :

• (a) creating opportunities for learners to listen to a variety of language sources and people and engaging in other listening activities.
• (b) making the learners listen to everything they hear passively.
• (c) speaking continuously to learners both within the classroom and outside.
• (d) focusing only on listening skills without associating them with other language skills.

122. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Accuracy in language is most important at the primary level. Reason (R) : Grammar is an integral part of the primary curriculum.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

123. Theoretical positions and beliefs about the nature of language, the nature of language learning, and the applicability of both to pedagogical settings is :

• (a) Approach
• (b) Technique
• (c) Syllabus
• (d) Content

124. Formative evaluation is :

• (a) carried out at a pre-specified or particular stage in the course.
• (b) not subjected to change.
• (c) what is happening in the teaching-learning process.
• (d) related to ongoing development and improvement.

125. While planning lessons for young learners, the teacher decided to focus on the Total Physical Response (TPR) method. Which one of the following should be used to include TPR in the lesson ?

• (a) Must add some listening activity in class.
• (b) Must keep activities aside and instead ask questions and motivate them to respond.
• (c) Must ensure to add some bodily activities in class.
• (d) Choose activities that help them stay in their seats and work in pairs or groups.

126. Which approach to grammar encourages the belief that learning a language is a matter of learning rules ?

• (a) Communicative
• (b) Grammar Translation
• (c) Deductive
• (d) Inductive

127. A teacher is planning to give a free writing task to learners in Class V. Which one of the following should be focused on most by the teacher ?

• (a) Both fluency and accuracy of the content
• (b) The handwriting of the learner
• (c) Accuracy of the content
• (d) Fluency of the content

128. Top-down means ‘attend to the overall meaning’. What does ‘bottom-up’ mean ?

• (a) Focus on the words and phrases of the text
• (b) Focus on asking short answer type questions
• (c) Focus on the gist of the text and abstract ideas
• (d) Focus on pre-reading

129. Which among these is the primary responsibility of the language teacher ?

• (a) Grouping learners into different classes
• (b) Instructing the learners
• (c) Identifying the learner’s communicative needs
• (d) Selecting suitable content for teaching

130. A young child picks up a book, holds it right side up, and turns the pages. These activities demonstrate :

• (a) emergent properties
• (b) emergent solution skills
• (c) emergent literacy skills
• (d) emergent curriculum

131. Read the following statements and choose the correct option : Assertion (A) : Learners acquire languages since they are genetically predisposed to do so and the environment does not play any role in it. Reason (R) : The learner-centered classroom environment has a great impact on language acquisition.

• (a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
• (b) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
• (c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
• (d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

132. A way to teach reading that emphasises understanding the meaning of words from the context in which they appear is :

• (a) Whole language approach
• (b) Structural approach
• (c) Communicative approach
• (d) Bottom-up approach

133. The ability to think and talk about language is :

• (a) Emergent literacy
• (b) Metalinguistic ability
• (c) Phonological awareness
• (d) Proficiency

134. A mother asked the teacher of Class II how it was possible for her child to sometimes say things that she had never heard any adults or siblings say. How is it possible ? Which one of the following is the apt answer to this question ?

• (a) A child learns language when we reinforce the development of the child’s language.
• (b) As per the constructivist approach, children can invent new languages.
• (c) Children learn language only by imitating adults.
• (d) The human brain is innately wired to learn language.

135. A technique used to facilitate early literacy, which involves an adult and a child looking at a book together while the adult asks questions and encourages a dialogue, followed by switching roles so that the child asks questions to the adult, is called :

• (a) Dialogic reading
• (b) Storytelling
• (c) Model reading
• (d) Shared reading